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Policy Drafting Companion Guide

Guidance for turning your community vision into local healthy food law or policy.

View the Guide

Abingdon, Va., Code § 18-132 (current through April 21, 2016)

This provision exempts people selling fresh farm products (among other exemptions) from a requirement that mobile peddlers, vendors, and canvassers obtain a permit to operate within the town.

Alachua County, Fla., Code of Ordinances § 407.41 (current as of May 8, 2019)

This policy sets out design objectives for landscaping and planting plans that include environmental measures and promoting local food systems through the use of edible landscaping where appropriate.

Alachua County, Fla., Third Amendment to Emergency Order No. 2020-30 §§ 2-3 (July 17, 2020)

This ordinance requires all individuals over the age of 6 entering grocery stores, including employees, to wear facial coverings as defined by the CDC (§ 3). These same businesses must post signage notifying customers and employees of the facial covering…

Alachua, Fla., Code § 2-152 (6) (current through Nov. 16, 2017)

Establishes that city employees must be allowed unpaid work breaks for expressing breast milk for up to one year after the child’s birth, with other accommodations, including use of private office space for milk extraction.

Alameda, California, Code § 30-4.24 (c )(2) (current through May 31, 2017)

Definition of Main Street Neighborhood (MS) sub district of Alameda Point that incorporates urban agriculture, including urban farms and community gardens.

Albany County, N.Y., Res. No. 496-a (Feb. 9, 2009)

The resolution creates a “Local Food Purchasing Policy” and requires the county’s purchasing agent to consult with the Commissioner of Agriculture and Markets to set a percentage of foods that qualify as “locally produced” for foods purchased by county residential…

Albany, N.Y., Code § 34-2 (current through May 15, 2017)

Directs the Mayor’s Office to develop and adopt a “Healthy Meetings and Special Events Policy,” which will include healthy meeting guidelines so that when food is provided at activities and special events supported by or sponsored by the City, healthy…

Albemarle, Va., Code Chptr 18, Sec 5.1.47 (current through Oct. 11, 2017)

The section of the county’s zoning code sets out zoning requirements for parking, stand and yard sizes, and overall market organization for farm sales operations, including farm stands, farm sales, and farmer’s markets.

Albuquerque, N.M., Admin. Instructions 3-15 (current through November 2017)

Requires all food and beverages in vending machines on city-owned or leased property, or on real property which is occupied by city employees during the day, to meet specified sodium and trans fat standards, and for all machines to provide…

Allen Parish, La., Code of Ordinances Sec. 86-71 (current through Sep. 28, 2018)

This law defines terms related to parish sales and use taxes. By definition, the “sale of tangible personal property to food banks, as defined in [Louisiana law]” is exempt from sales tax. The law also exempts “donation of food items…

Amarillo, Tex., First Amended Declaration of Disaster § 16(b) (Mar. 30, 2020)

This declaration of disaster and stay-at-home order permits “essential or low risk businesses” to continue operations as long as they adhere to social distancing protocols. Section 16(b) defines these businesses to include e.g., farmers’ markets, food cultivation, farming, fishing, and…

Amarillo, Tex., First Amended Declaration of Disaster §§ 16(b)-(c) (Mar. 30, 2020)

This declaration of disaster and stay-at-home order permits “essential or low risk businesses” to continue operations as long as they adhere to social distancing protocols. Section 16(b) defines these businesses to include e.g., “social services and charitable organizations that provide…

Anchorage, Alaska Code of Ordinances § 4.60.110 (current through Jan. 14, 2022)

This law establishes a senior citizen advisory commission whose responsibilities include, among others, advising the mayor and the Anchorage Assembly with respect to aspects of aging which bear upon the welfare of senior citizens; and conducting surveys and compiling and…

Anchorage, Alaska, Code § 16.55.220 (Jan.31, 2017)

Provides nutrition standards for regulated child care facilities; adopts state standards by reference but also encourages avoidance of sugary snacks and drinks unless the drinks contain real fruit or vegetable juice.

Anchorage, Alaska, Code of Ordinances § 4.60.275 (current through Jan. 14, 2022)

This law establishes a youth advisory commission whose responsibilities include advising the mayor and the Anchorage Assembly on issues, services, and programs from the community’s youth perspective; conducting, compiling and disseminating information concerning health, nutrition and other services available or…

Anchorage, Alaska, Proclamation of Emergency “Hunker Down” Order EO-03 § 5(f) (Mar. 20, 2020)

This section designates food cultivation, including fishing, hunting, farming, and livestock as “critical business” that are exempt from ordered business closures and are encouraged to remain open.

Anchorage, Alaska, Proclamation of Emergency “Hunker Down” Order EO-03 § 5(g) (Mar. 20, 2020)

Section 5(g) of this Hunker Down Order classifies businesses that provide food, shelter, and social services, and other necessities of life for economically disadvantaged, unsheltered, or otherwise vulnerable individuals as “critical business,” which are exempt from ordered business closures and…

Arden Hills, Minn. Zoning Code § 1325.04. (current through Sept. 23, 2019)

This law restricts the density and proximity of “drive-in businesses” and “fast food restaurants;” they are not permitted to be located within four hundred (400) feet of schools, churches, public recreation areas, and residentially zoned property and must be a…

Arvada, Colo., Code § 5.2.26 (current through Aug. 24, 2017).

This law sets “market gardens” standards, including hours of operation and parking.

Arvin, Cal., Code § 17.43.050 (current through May 25, 2017)

This section provides design guidelines for two target areas within the city, including one where healthy food access is mentioned as a possible priority. The target areas are both included in a mixed-use overlay zone which emphasize, among other things,…

Asheville, N.C., Proclamation, § 7 (Mar. 24, 2020)

This section of the proclamation temporarily suspends portions’ of the city code which prohibit mobile food vendors from operating in anywhere other than permitted mobile food sites during the State of Emergency period declared by the City on March 12,…

Asheville, N.C., Proclamation, § 8 (Mar. 24, 2020)

This section of the proclamation temporarily allows “eating establishments” to be exempt from portions’ of the city code which limit the size, location, and amount of on-premises signage they may erect and maintain during the State of Emergency period declared…

Atchison County, Kan., Emergency Order of Local Health Officer §1 (Mar. 24, 2020)

Section (1)(b)(ii) defines “essential activities” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., activities to obtain or deliver fresh fruits and vegetables, and fresh meats, fish and poultry. Section 1(e) defines “essential businesses” that may…

Atchison County, Kan., Emergency Order of Local Health Officer §2 (Mar. 24, 2020)

Section 2 (iii) directs essential businesses–which include food banks (§1(e)(ii)); businesses that offer food and “other necessities of life” for “economically disadvantaged or otherwise needy individuals (§ 1(e)(v)); and schools and other entities that typically offer food free food services…

Athens-Clarke County, Georgia, Code § 9-15-23 (current through April 27, 2017)

Regulates community gardens. Allows them in all zones, but permit is required. Permits are good for one year. Gardens may be no larger than one acre, and up to 3 on-site sale events are allowed (although an additional permit is…

Athens-Clarke County, Georgia, Code § 9-15-25 (current through April 27, 2017)

Regulates the keeping of chickens; allows chickens to be kept in all zones, for noncommercial purposes.

Atlanta, Ga., Code of Ordinances § 26(g)-(i)

This policy expressly allows operators of boarding houses to serve shared meals, but expressly prohibits community kitchens in rooming houses. The policy also sets very basic standards for community kitchens, when allowed, to include a certain amount of square feet…

Atlanta, Ga., Exec. Order 2020-06 (Mar. 15, 2020)

This order directs the Chief Financial Officer to allocate up to $7 million in uncommitted general funds to be used for emergency assistance for “those affected by the COVID-19 pandemic,” including $1 million for child food programs and $1 million…

Atlanta, Ga., Ordinance 10-O-1773 (Sept. 15, 2011)

This is an ordinance amending Atlanta Zoning Code Sec. 16-29.001 to add a definition of farmers’ markets and to allow farmers’ markets as a permitted use throughout various zoning districts, including residential districts. it also establishes the conditions under which…

Atlanta, Georgia, Ordinance No. 2014-22 (14-O-1092) (June 11, 2014)

This uncodified law amended Atlanta’s several provisions in the city’s zoning code to define and allow “urban gardens and market gardens” as a permitted use and to provide conditions for where and when that use would be permitted.

Atlantic County, N.J., Exec. Order No. 2020-01, § 11(b) (Mar. 16, 2020)

Section 11(b) directs that the County shall be permitted whenever necessary to procure necessary goods or services not available under contracts currently in existence with the County, without complying with New Jersey Public Contracts Law, including but not limited to…

Atlantic County, N.J., Exec. Order No. 2020-01, § 5 (Mar. 16, 2020)

Section 5 of the Order directs all County Departments and agencies to “provide all necessary assistance to federal, state and local authorities to protect the health, welfare, and safety of citizens of Atlantic County during this COVID-19 outbreak, and shall…

Auburn, Me., Code of Ordinances § 24-150 (current through Nov. 3, 2021)

This provision directs the administrator of the city’s general assistance program–which provides immediate aid to “persons who are unable to provide the basic necessities essential to maintain themselves or their families”–to “provide food assistance to eligible persons up to the…

Aurora, CO., Building & Zoning Division 7 (current through Aug. 11, 2017)

Creates a Sustainable Infill Redevelopment (SIR) District that would allow for mixed commercial and residential uses in highly developed areas of the city; allows urban agriculture uses and requires development within the SIR District to feature at least one of…

Austin, Tex. Code § 14-11-1 (Oct. 5, 2017)

This section excludes activities regulated and allowed as “sustainable urban agriculture” under Ch. 14-7 of the City’s code from the requirement that a person must submit an application to the director of the Public Works Department to obtain a release…

Austin, Tex., Code § 25-2-863 (Current through Oct. 5, 2017)

This law outlines standards and permitted activities for urban farms. The standards include, among other things size requirements (may not be less than one acre and not more than five acres); and limitations on the number of dwelling units that…

Austin, Tex., Code § 25-2-864 (Current through Oct. 5, 2017)

This law outlines standards for market gardens. It specifically allows market gardens in all base zoning districts and allows for the raising of fowl, rabbits, and aquatic foods using aquaponic systems if specified requirements are met. It does include some…

Austin, Tex., Code of Ordinances § 15-6-123 (current through Sept. 29, 2021)

This section contains exemptions to a city law at §15-6-122 that prohibits providing single-use carryout bags at City events, events on City property, and at business establishments in the city; and requires businesses to prominently displayed signage advising customers of…

Austin, Tex., Code of Ordinances § 2-1-170 (current through Dec. 20, 2021)

This section establishes the Austin-Travis County Food Policy Board and, at subdivision (c), articulates specific responsibilities of the board. Responsibilities of the board include, among others, monitoring “the availability, price and quality of food throughout the Austin and Travis County…

Austin, Tex., Code, § 25-9-326 (current through Mar. 14, 2019)

This provision allows for installment payments of water impact fees and applies to certain community gardens provided specific conditions are met, including e.g., that paying the full amount of the impact fee at the time a tap permit is approved…

Austin, Tex., Land Development Code tit. 25, art. 15, div. 2 (current through Oct. 4, 2019)

This law establishes requirements and regulations for a S.M.A.R.T Housing Program, which uses fee waivers as an incentive to encourage “housing that is safe, mixed-income, accessible, reasonably priced, transit-oriented, and compliant with the City’s Green Building Standards.” Access to “fresh…

Austin, Tex., Order by the Mayor of the City of Austin § 3(d) (Mar. 20, 2020)

Section 3(d) provides exemptions to the general prohibition on gatherings of more than 10 people where social distancing cannot be maintained. Exemptions include, e.g., “homeless shelters, homeless encampments, and any nonprofit community establishment, whether part of or separate from a…

Austin, Texas, Code Chapter 14-7 (current through Oct. 5, 2017)

Creates a program to support city supported community gardens on city owned or city controlled land. Only non-profits are eligible to operate the gardens, and must apply for a garden permit, and for a supplemental license if the garden is…

Austin, Texas, Environmental Criteria Manual, § 1.5.3 (current through Aug. 27, 2017)

Describes conditions under which sustainable urban agriculture (community gardens, market gardens, and urban farms) qualifies as a permitted use in the Critical Water Quality Zone. Raising of livestock or fowl are not allowed.

Austin, Texas, Land Development Code § 30-5-261 (current through Oct. 5, 2017).

Regulates development in Critical Water Quality Zone. Provides that open space is limited to urban agriculture or community gardens in a water supply rural watershed, water supply suburban watershed, or the Barton Springs Zone; also provides that standards for open…

Baltimore County, Md., Code § 30-1-201(b)(2)(ii)(2) (current through Oct. 12, 2017)

Allows hunting on county land if part of a Deer Cooperator Program (hunting to reduce overpopulation of wildlife); program requires that venison be donated to food banks or other charitable organization.

Baltimore, Md. Code of Ordinances Art. 28, § 10-30. (current through Nov. 22, 2019)

This law provides a tax credit against the City personal property tax imposed on qualified supermarkets within defined “food desert incentive areas.”

Baltimore, Md., Exec. Order, Continuation of Governor’s Stay at Home Order § 3(VI)(a)(i) (May 2020)

This order extends, until further notice within the City of Baltimore, a stay at home order issued by the Governor of Maryland which specifically exempts staff and volunteers travelling to and from nonprofit organizations and facilities “providing essential services to…

Baltimore, Md., Health Code § 6-509 (current through Mar. 18, 2019)

This law prohibits food service facilities from offering children’s meals that include a beverage unless the beverage is water without added sweeteners, milk or a non-dairy milk alternative, or 100% fruit juice (plain or combined with water), in a portion…

Bangor, Me., Emergency Regs.: Prohibitions on Businesses § 4(A), Exh. A (Mar. 22, 2020)

This stay-at-home order requires businesses to cease operations unless categorized as an “Essential Business” which includes e.g., certified farmers’ markets and farm and produce stands (Exh. A § 2) and “food cultivation and processing, including farming, livestock, and fishing” (Exh….

Bangor, Me., Emergency Regulations: Prohibitions on Businesses, §§ 3(B), 4(A), Exh. A (Mar. 22, 2020)

This stay-at-home order requires businesses to cease operations unless categorized as an “Essential Business” which includes e.g., schools and other entities that typically offer free food services if provided on a pick-up and take-away basis (§ 3(B)); food banks and…

Barber County, Kan., Emergency Order of the Barber County Local Health Officer (Mar. 30, 2020)

Section 1(B)(ii) defines “essential activities” that may continue during the County’s stay-at-home order to include e.g., activities to obtain or deliver fresh fruit, vegetables, fish, meat, and poultry. Section 1(E) defines “essential businesses” that may continue during the period to…

Baton Rouge, East Baton Rouge Parish, La., Code § 6:56 (current through Sept. 21, 2017)

Requires commercial and noncommercial food sellers to provide some type of sugar-free soft drinks or pops, or water, for diabetic customers.

Beaufort County, S.C., Community Development Code, § 1.2.10 (current through October 30, 2017)

Lists promoting urban agriculture as a purported purpose/intent of the county development code. This provision outlines the purpose of the county comprehensive plan to allow conservation efforts, quality housing, and to support walkable transportation.

Belle Fourche, S.D., Code of Ordinances § 17.40.020 at “community gardens” (current through Sept. 28, 2021)

This language defines, for purposes of the city’s “general zoning” provisions, “community gardens,” as “use of a site for growing or harvesting food crops or ornamental crops on an agricultural basis, by a group of individuals for personal or group…

Berkeley, Cal., Municipal Code § 12.72

This law requires food vendors that sell children’s meals that include a beverage to make the default beverage offered with such meals either water with no added sweeteners, or milk/milk substitute with no added sweeteners.

Berkeley, Cal., Municipal Code § 7.72 (current through Oct. 29, 2019)

This policy creates a tax of $0.01 per fluid ounce on the distribution of sugar-sweetened beverages in the city.

Berkeley, Cal., Order of City Health Officer §§ 10(f) (Mar. 16, 2020)

Section 10(f) defines “essential businesses” that are exempt from the City’s cessation of business order to include e.g., certified farmers’ markets; farm and produce stands; stores and other establishments engaged in the retail sale of fresh fruits and vegetables, fresh…

Berkeley, Cal., Order of City Health Officer §§ 10(f)(ii); (iv); (xiii) (Mar. 16, 2020)

These provisions carve out exemptions to the City’s cessation of business order for certain “essential businesses” including e.g., food banks; businesses that offer food and “other necessities of life” for “economically disadvantaged or otherwise needy individuals;” and schools that typically…

Bexar County, Tex., Exec. Order NW-05 § 9 (Apr. 6, 2020)

Section 9 of this executive order prevents any person or business from engaging in “price gouging” during the period covered by the order. Price gouging includes selling any goods or service, e.g. “groceries” or “restaurant, cafeteria, and boarding-house meals,” for…

Biloxi, Miss., Code, art. 23-3(2)(B-1) (current through April 10, 2019)

This provision describes the purpose and standards for an “agricultural restricted” zoning district and limits primary and accessory uses to only those uses that complement agricultural uses in rural areas of the city, including, e.g., community gardens.

Birmingham, Ala., Code of Ordinances §§ 12-5-32 to -41 (current through Oct. 15, 2021)

This law authorizes the use of the city’s public rights-of-way and city-owned property for charitable food service events and creates a permitting process specific to those events with regulations related largely to health and safety. For purposes of the law,…

Birmingham, Ala., Ordinance no. 17-23 (Feb. 28, 2017)

This ordinance sets up a “Healthy Food Incentive Program” for the City of Birmingham. The ordinance includes guidelines for administration of the program, regulations for qualified participants, and how much the participants will receive. Among other things, under the program…

Birmingham, Ala., Ordinance no. 17-50 (Apr. 25, 2017)

This ordinance specifies a program start date and income qualifications as amendments to a previously passed ordinance that establishes and provides standards for a healthy food incentive program. The original ordinance includes guidelines for administration of the program, regulations for…

Birmingham, Ala., Ordinance No. 19-157 (Oct. 8, 2019)

Establishes a “Healthy Food Overlay District” that increases fresh food access in food deserts by decreasing zoning regulations for grocery stores and on-site produce sales. Grocery stores in and within a half mile of the Healthy Food Overlay District may…

Black Earth, Wisc., Code § 100-8 (current through May 10, 2016)

Allows for and creates regulations and permitting process for beekeeping in residential areas. Requires an annual permit, plus notification to neighbors with an opportunity to object. Allows up to six hives to be kept on the property. Honey produced by…

Black Earth, Wisc., Code § 100-9 (current through May 10, 2016)

Allows for and creates regulations and permitting process for keeping of hens for egg production for personal use in certain residential zones. Allows up to four hens, which must be kept in a coop (which can also have an attached…

Boise, Idaho, Code of Ordinances § 1-15-7 (current through Nov. 4, 2021)

This section expressly excludes certain activities, including “activities necessary to buy, sell, or otherwise deliver food and necessities” from those activities that are prohibited by during public health emergencies, except where specifically prohibited by an order.

Boise, Idaho, Code of Ordinances § 3-6-17 (current through Nov. 4, 2021)

This section sets various “Healthy Initiative” requirements for childcare facilities, including for nutrition menus, infant feeding standards and training; as well as requirements for physical activity and screen time limits. The law requires that the city monitor and disclose to…

Boise, Idaho, Public Health Emergency Order No. 20-02 § 2 (Mar. 19, 2020)

This order includes requirement at section 2 that parking meters, if any in front of a food service establishment, be reserved for temporary use by individuals for curbside food take-out.

Boise, Idaho, Public Health Emergency Order No. 20-02 § 3 (Mar. 19, 2020)

Section 3 provides exemption to the prohibition on dine-in restaurant operations for emergency overnight or day shelters that supply food services to persons experiencing homelessness.

Bonita Springs, Fla., Code § 4-1435 (current through September 22, 2017)

This law provides regulations for community gardens including requirements for composting, drainage, parking, size, noise, chemical application, structures, etc. It also provides that community gardens are not bona fide agriculture under F.S. § 823.14, Florida Right to Farm Act.

Borough of Charleroi, Penn., Code §§ 338-406.21, 406.22 (curent through Dec. 27, 2016)

Provides standards and definitions for urban agriculture, including urban agriculture (limited) uses, which allows beekeeping but not chicken keeping, and accessory uses, which allows both beekeeping and keeping of chickens. Structures are allowed for both uses; for the “limited” use,…

Borough of Dallastown, Pa., Code § 198-2 (current through Aug. 14, 2017)

This provision exempts certain people from having to pay for a transient retail merchant license (though it still requires them to register and obtain license). Exempted persons include those making and selling food and other goods for purposes of donating…

Borough of Greencastle, Pa., Code § 141-3 (current through Mar. 7, 2016)

This provision exempts certain persons from having to pay a fee to act as a transient retail merchant (but still requires them to obtain authorization). Exempted categories include persons making and selling certain homemade foods and goods when proceeds are…

Borough of Red Lion, Pa., Code § 13-302(2) (current through Jan. 1, 2017)

This provision exempts certain people from having to pay for a transient retail merchant license (though it still requires them to register and obtain license). Exempted persons include those making and selling food and other goods for purposes of donating…

Borough of Wilkinsburg, Penn., Code §§ 260-406.33, 406.34 (current through June 11, 2014)

Provides standards and definitions for urban agriculture, including urban agriculture (limited) uses, which allows beekeeping but not chicken keeping, and accessory uses, which allows both beekeeping and keeping of chickens. Structures are allowed for both uses; for the “limited” use,…

Bossier City, La. Code of Ordinances § 106-151 (current through July 23, 2019)

This law defines terms related to parish sales and use taxes. By definition, the “sale of tangible personal property to food banks, as defined in [Louisiana law]” is exempt from sales tax. The law also exempts “donation of food items…

Boston, MA, Article 89 (Dec. 20, 2013)

This chapter addresses a variety of urban agriculture uses, including ground level and rooftop farms and greenhouses for commercial purposes; aquaculture, aquaponic, and hydroponic farms; composting; keeping of hens and bees; and farmers; markets and farm stands. It allows urban…

Boston, Mass., Municipal Code § 17-10 (current through Nov. 7, 2018)

This law establishes a permitting process and regulatory requirements for mobile food trucks. It also establishes a city Mobile Food Trucks Committee and specifically indicates that the Committee may work with permit applicants to encourage, “charitable components to the business…

Boston, Mass., Ordinance No. 0139 (Mar. 13, 2019)

This ordinance requires “City departments and agencies requiring procurement or service contracting of foods” to “adopt Good Food Purchasing Standards as a framework for guiding values driven purchasing.” Values that are recognized by the ordinance as part of the Good…

Boston, Mass., Zoning Code § 33-8 (current through May 31, 2018)

This provision describes land that is appropriate for the City’s “Community Garden Open Space Subdistricts.” (Community gardens are one of nine possible open space subdistricts–open space districts are designed to protect and preserve open spaces through land use regulations). Specifically,…

Boulder, Colo. Code Tit. 3, Chapter 16 (current through Oct. 30, 2017)

Establishes an excise tax of $0.02 per fluid ounce on distributors of sugar-sweetened beverages. Revenues must be used to cover the costs for administering the tax. Any extra revenue is to be used to fund activities to improve health equity,…

Boulder, Colo., Code §6-17-1 et seq. (current through Jan. 17, 2018)

Generally regulates cottage foods and fresh produce production and sales in homes. Restricts sales hours; restricts sales of home grown produce to raw, whole produce grown on the premises; and requires cottage food producers to comply with state law. Also…

Brentwood, Mo., Resolution 1019 (Oct. 20, 2014)

Adopts healthy vending guidelines for city-owned facilities. Guidelines require that 50% of food and beverages in each machine meet specific nutrition standards. Beverage standard focus on water and low- or no-calorie beverages; food nutrition standards address fat, trans fat, sodium,…

Bridge City, Tex., Code § 6-43 (current through Nov. 14, 2017)

This section provides recommendations for water conservation tactics that are applicable to kitchen uses. Provides tip of using small amount of water for cooking because “food is more nutritious since vitamins and minerals are not poured down the drain with…

Bridgeport, Conn., Code of Ordinances ch. 2.213 (current through Sept. 28, 2021)

This chapter establishes the Bridgeport Food Policy Council and includes directives for the City government relating to transportation of food to distribution points, direct food assistance services; land use for food production, processing and distribution; food business development; and other…

Brighton, Colo., Code Sec. 6-4-900 (current through April 17, 2017)

Provides use regulations for poultry keeping and apiculture (beekeeping).

Brighton, Colo., Code § 6-4-200 (April 20, 2017)

This section prohibits the keeping, possession or harboring of “vicious animals” within the City, but specifically permits beekeeping and recognizes that the “vicious animal” regulations do not apply to that activity.

Brookings, S.D., Ordinance 20-005 Emergency Ordinance to Address Public Health Crisis (Mar. 23, 2019)

This emergency ordinance specifically excludes certain places of public accommodation that offer food and beverages for off-site consumption including, e.g. “food pantries” from other ordered business closures.

Broward County, Fla., Code § 25.38 (current through Oct. 31, 2017)

Requires county-owned/operated public food establishments to provide alternatives to sugar by providing artificially-sweetened soft drink beverages or fruit juices. This requirement also must be extended to businesses that operate public food establishments on facilities leased from the country, through the…

Broward County, Fla., Code of Ordinances § 7-7 (current through Oct. 30, 2019)

Establishes food service requirements for child care facilities. The requirements include compliance with the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) rules and regulations regardless of whether the provider receives reimbursement from the program; service of low-fat or non-fat milk;…

Brownsville, Or., Municipal Code § 8.20.050 (current through Nov. 26, 2019)

This policy allows members of the public to rent the community kitchen at Pioneer Park from April through October. Annual reservations are awarded using a lottery system.

Buncombe County, N.C., Ordinance 12-08-23, Art VI, Sec. 32 and App. C (Aug. 21, 2012)

This section of the City’s Personnel Ordinance and the accompanying appendix set forth the city policy regarding break time for nursing mothers who wish to express breastmilk during the first year after a baby is born. It also provides for…

Burlington, Vermont, Zoning Regulation No. ZA-14-08 (March 11, 2014)

This uncodified ordinance amended the city’s Comprehensive Development Ordinance to make urban agriculture activities easier, including by exempting some cold frames, hoop houses and other season extension structures and rooftop urban agriculture structures and uses from permitting requirements; allowing sales…

Cape Coral, Fla., Res. 87-20 §§ 1-2 (Apr. 7, 2020)

Section 1 of this resolution allows an increase in the number of A-frame signs from 1 to 2 for restaurants and food establishments within the State of Florida ordered to suspend on-premises food and alcohol consumption for customers under Executive…

Cape Elizabeth, Me., Amend. to Emergency Reg.: Prohibitions on Businesses §§ 4(B), 5, Exh. A (Apr. 1, 2020)

This emergency regulation exempts certain “essential businesses” and food providers (§ 4-5) from a business operations prohibition imposed by a declared civil state of emergency, including food banks (Exh. A), “schools and other entities that typically provide free food services…

Cape Elizabeth, Me., Amend. to Emergency Regulation: Prohibitions on Businesses §5, Exh. A (April 1, 2020)

This emergency regulation designates certified farmers’ markets, farm and produce stands, and food cultivation and processing, including farming, livestock, agriculture, and fishing (Exh. A) as “essential businesses” and exempts them from a business operations prohibition imposed by a declared civil…

Carbondale, Colo., Code of Ordinances § 18-11-90.1.1 (current through Sept. 20, 2019)

This policy outlines a point system for compliance with the town’s Residential Efficient Building Program, which includes a point allocation for edible landscapes in residential developments.

Carolina Beach, N.C., Code of Ordinances § 14-21 (current through Nov. 22, 2021)

This law recognizes food trucks as a way to diversify the town’s economic and employment opportunities, and the incubation and growth of entrepreneurial/start-up businesses; sets forth operating requirements for food trucks; and specifies that food trucks may operate with annual…

Carpinteria, Cal., Code § 14.41.030, (current through Mar. 15, 2019)

This ordinance establishes development requirements for the City’s “Whitney Site Overlay District,” including a goal of minimizing impacts on agricultural land and preserving the 4 acre remainder for agricultural uses such as organic farming, community gardening and agriculture education through…

Carson, Cal., Municipal Code § 4118.2 (current through Sep. 3, 2019)

Prohibits sale of ice cream or cotton candy, candy, carbonated drinks or similar food substances from a vehicle on public streets in residential areas or city parks.

Casper, Wyo., Code § 6.04.270 (September 9, 2017)

This law allows for up to six (6) chicken hens to be kept as an accessory use for single-family residential dwelling/structures and provides regulations for the same. Among other things, issues addressed include: coop standards, coop access, cleaning and maintenance,…

Casper, Wyoming, Code, ch. 17.24 (current through Sept. 29, 2017)

Sets forth permitted uses, conditional uses, and minimum standards for AG Urban Agriculture District.

Cathedral City, Cal., Municipal Code, ch. 5.92 (current through Mar. 29, 2019)

This law requires restaurants that sell children’s meals that include a beverages to make the default beverage offered with such meals either water with no added sweeteners, or milk (or a non-dairy alternative).

Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Code § 42A.14(C)(1) (current through March 24, 2017)

Exempts farm stands that sell unprocessed whole foods grown on-site on land assessed as agricultural land from mobile food vendor licensing requirements.

Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Code, ch. 32, § 32.04.030, paragraph 44 (current through March 24, 2017)

Allows urban agriculture uses as a primary or accessory use in all zone districts. An annual permit is needed when urban agriculture use is the primary use, or if an accessory use and the land being used is more than…

Chaldron, Neb., Ordinance no. 1373 §§ 5–6 (July 21, 2014)

This ordinance allows for and regulates keeping of chickens for hobby, recreation, subsistence or other non-commercial purposes in all zoning districts within the city.

Champaign, Ill., Declaration of Emergency § 12-39 (7) (Jan. 30, 2020)

This declaration of emergency grants authority to the Mayor to order the control, restriction and regulation within the City of food and other specified “necessities of life,” by various means including rationing, issuing quotas, fixing or freezing prices, or allocating…

Chandler, Ariz., Code § 11-13 (current through Jan. 19, 2018)

This law protects women who are breastfeeding in public and private places, stating that they they are allowed to so in any location (public or private) that mother and child are otherwise allowed to be (and thus not subject to…

Chattanooga, Tenn., Civil Emergency Proclamation and Executive Order Regarding Shelter at Home, No. 2020-06 §§ 6(iv), (xv), (xx) (xxv) (Apr. 2, 2020)

This stay at home order requires all persons within the city to shelter in place, except for certain exempted activities, including “food production, distribution, and sale” (6(iv)); businesses that deliver groceries or food (6(xv)); businesses that sell or manufacture food…

Chattanooga, Tenn., Civil Emergency Proclamation and Executive Order Regarding Shelter at Home, No. 2020-06, § 6(vii) (Apr. 2, 2020)

This stay-at-home order requires persons living within the city to shelter in place, except for certain exempted activities, including operation of “essential services businesses.” These include “food and medicine stores,” including grocery stores, certified farmers’ markets, farm and produce stands…

Chattanooga, Tenn., Code, §§ 38-451 to -457 (Sept 28, 2017)

These provisions set standards for the City’s “A-1 Urban Agricultural Zone.” They specifically designate agricultural uses such as growing of crops, dairying, grazing, the raising and maintaining of poultry and livestock as permitted uses in that zone and emphasize that…

Chelsea, Mass., Code, pt. III, art. I, ch. 1, art. 1 (current through August 31, 2017)

This law prohibits the storage, preparation, distribution, hold for service, or serving any food or beverage containing artificial trans fat in the City of Chelsea. The regulation does not include the sale of any food or beverage containing artificial trans…

Chicago, Ill., Ord. No. 92607 (2007)

Uncodified ordinance amending city nuisance law to allow small-scale composting (at homes, for example) to operate without specific permits under certain conditions, such as size restrictions, rat control, and moisture standards.

Chicago, Ill., Ordinance No. 2020-5705, (Nov. 17, 2020)

This ordinance amends a current Municipal Code Section to regulate third-party food delivery service fees during the COVID-19 pandemic. Section (b)(1) prohibits Third-Party Food Delivery Services to charge a food dispensing establishment a delivery fee more than 10% of the…

Chickasha, Okla., Resolution 2017-01R (Feb. __, 2017)

This resolution expresses support for healthy foods in retail settings and establishes a Healthy Food Retail Taskforce to study the issue and make recommendations to the City Council. Numerous implementation steps are specified and the resolution divides tasks up according…

Christiansburg, Va., Code § 42-663 (current through Sept. 13, 2017)

This section establishes standards for chicken and beekeeping and requires a permit for the same that allows up to six chicken hens or chicks and no more than two beehive stands in association with one single-family residence, per parcel in…

Cicero, Ill., Code of Ordinances § 78-121 (current through July 30, 2019)

This policy requires the refuse collection customer for each commercial establishment located in the town to provide documentation of an “effective recycling program.” An “effective recycling program” is defined as a program that meets certain minimum requirements, as established by…

Cincinnati, Ohio, Code § 1419-41 (current through April 24, 2018)

This law provides regulations for community gardens in section of zoning code that pertains to uses that are permitted, permitted with limitations, or require approval of a conditional use in individual zoning districts (see §1441.01). Standards addressed include size and…

City of Camden, N.J., Ordinance MC-4803 (adopted Dec. 13, 2013)

This law creates an exemption from taxes for improvements made to real property as part of the state’s economic opportunity act of 2013, which incentivizes things such as bringing of fresh produce into food deserts.

City of Greensburg, Pa., Code § 127-9(I)(2) (current through Dec. 12, 2017)

This provision exempts various entities–including food banks and soup kitchens owned by charitable nonprofits, and charitable nonprofits managed by an organization that supports extracurricular activities for school-aged youth–from retail food facility licensing requirements. It also allows licensed food facilities that…

City of Lafayette, Col., Code of Ordinances art. IX (current through Mar. 29, 2019)

This law requires restaurants that sell children’s meals that include a beverages to make the default beverage offered with such meals either water with no added sweeteners; or milk, or non-dairy milk alternatives with no added sweeteners.

City of Perris, Cal., Municipal Code ch. 7.46 (current through Nov. 5, 2018)

This law requires restaurants that sell children’s meals that include a beverages to make the default beverage offered with such meals either water with no added sweeteners, milk (or a non-dairy alternative), or 100% juice with no added sweeteners in…

City of Tupelo, Miss., Exec. Order 2020-008 (Mar. 20, 2020)

This amendment to the city’s emergency proclamation permits continued operation of essential businesses, including convenience stores, food banks, and businesses providing necessities to economically disadvantaged people.

Clark County, Wash., Code § 24.18.020 (current through Dec. 3, 2019)

This policy provides a one hundred (100) percent subsidy to cover the food permit costs for school districts that fully meet or exceed specified nutrition standards.

Clark County, Wash., Code § 24.18.020 (current through June 18, 2019)

This policy provides food permit fee subsidies for school districts that meet certain nutrition standards in their school food programs and other specified requirements.

Clayton County, Ga., Code of Ordinances, App. A – Zoning, § 6.51 (current through November 15, 2021)

This law prohibits “small box discount variety stores” except “where located: (1) more than 5,280 feet or 1 mile from an existing small box discount variety store; and (2) 5 miles from an existing full-service grocery store.” Small box discount…

Clearwater, Fla., Community Development Code §§ 3-2601 to 3-2603 (current through Feb. 15, 2018)

This law creates standards for community gardens and urban farms, including standards relating to equipment, power tools, maintenance, design, accessory structures, parking and trash. Wholesale and on-site sales are not allowed for community gardens.

Cleveland, Oh., Code § 187A.01 et seq. (current through Oct. 9, 2017)

The law establishes a preference for local producers, local food purchasers, and sustainable businesses in city procurement contracts and purchasing. Bids from these types of businesses are eligible to receive a discount of 2% on bids or evaluation credit of…

Cleveland, Oh., Code § 205.04 (current through Sept. 25, 2017)

The law establishes a licensing scheme for applying for licenses to keep animals and bees within the city. The law allows for a 2 year license, and if in a residential area, requires at least 21 day notice of the…

Cleveland, Oh., Ord. No. 347.02 (eff. Feb. 5, 2009)

The City of Cleveland updated its zoning code to allow residents to keep bees, chickens, and other farm animals on their property. The ordinance allows six animals for a 4800 square foot lot, prohibits animals so noisy that they habitually…

Cleveland, Oh., Ord. No. 814-10 (Oct. 6, 2010)

Uncodified version of an ordinance that amended Cleveland’s zoning codes to permit agriculture, some farm sales, and the keeping of farm animals in certain residential zones.

Cleveland, Ohio, Code Sections 336.01-336.05 (current through Oct. 9, 2017)

This law establishes urban garden districts. These districts include community gardens (which may have “occasional sales of items” grown on-site) and market gardens that conduct on-site sales. It also addresses main and accessory uses, including uses of hoop houses, greenhouses,…

Cleveland, Ohio., Code § 241.42 (current through Oct. 9, 2017)

The law prohibits foods containing industrially-produced trans fat from being used in menu items or food products sold in “food shops,” except for those that are pre-packaged and served directly to the consumer, or those that are labeled as containing…

Columbia, S.C., Ord. No. 2020-034 § 4 (Mar. 26, 2020)

Section 4 of Exhibit A of this stay at home order classifies “direct farm to consumer sales” as an “essential service.” Paragraph A of the order provides that individuals are exempt from the order’s directive to “stay in their homes…

Columbia, S.C., Ord. No. 2020-034 § 8 (Mar. 26, 2020)

Section 8 of Exhibit A in this stay at home order classifies “Providers of basic necessities to economically disadvantaged populations including, homeless shelters and congregate care facilities, food banks . . .” as “essential services.” Paragraph A of the order…

Columbus, Ohio, Ordinance 0627-2020 (Apr. 22, 2020)

This ordinance authorizes the Director of the Recreation and Parks Department to enter into a grant agreement with the Children’s Hunger Alliance in support of the organization’s summer meals program; authorizes the expenditure of $100,000.00 from the Recreation and Parks…

Columbus, Ohio, Ordinance 0738-2020 § 3 (Mar. 18, 2020)

Section 3 of this ordinance waives the competitive bidding provisions of Section 329 of the Columbus City Code for any contracts and/or grants established utilizing the emergency service funding for affordable housing and food security infrastructure authorized at sections 1-2.

Columbus, Ohio, Ordinance 0738-2020 §§ 1-2 (Mar. 18, 2020)

This ordinance recognizes that the COVID-19 public health emergency will critically impact the city’s affordable housing and food security infrastructure and, at sections 1-2 ,authorizes an appropriation of $1m within the general fund for the establishment of COVID-19 human services…

Columbus, Ohio, Ordinance 2768-2020 (Nov. 25, 2020)

This Ordinance enacts a new chapter of City Code that limits the commissions that third parties can charge to restaurants to 15% of the purchase price on delivery/pick-up orders. Section 1, 547.05 states that the chapter is only in effect…

Concord, N.H., Code § 28-4-6 (Mar. 13, 2019)

This provision provides design standards for manufactured housing parks and subdivisions and, among other things, permits community gardens and greenhouses as an accessory use.

Conyers, Ga., Code 8-7-41(l) (current through Oct. 24, 2017)

Allows urban farms in the Downtown District, as a matter of right in certain subareas. Establishes permitted activities at urban farms, including allowing of on-site food donation. Exempts urban farms from occupational tax licensing requirement. Does not allow raising of…

Coon Rapids, Minn., Code of Ordinances, ch. 8-1600 (current through July 1, 2019)

This provision sets standards for composting on private property. It allows, among other things, composting of fruit or vegetable scraps, coffee grounds, and egg shells.

Cottonwood, Ariz., Proclaimation of Emergency § 5 (Mar. 20, 2020)

Section 5 of this proclamation of emergency imposes closures of many businesses, but provides exemptions for convenience stores, food banks, food pantries, and cafeterias located within healthcare facilities, nursing homes, shelters or similar facilities.

County of Clay Public Health Emergency Order § I-III (Mar. 22, 2020)

This order specifies, e.g., that residents may leave their residences or place of rest only to perform “Essential Activities,” including e.g., to obtain necessary services or supplies for themselves and their family or household members, or close personal acquaintances, or…

County of Sacramento, Cal., Order of the Health Officers of the County of Sacramento §§ 4, 10(g) (Mar. 19, 2020)

Section 10(g) of this stay at home or place of residence order defines “essential business” that may occur during the period covered by the order to include farmers’ markets, farm and produce stands and other establishments engaged in the retail…

County of Sacramento, Cal., Order of the Health Officers of the County of Sacramento §§ 4, 10(g) (Mar. 19, 2020)

Section 10(g) of this stay at home or place of residence order defines “essential business” that may occur during the period covered by the order to include food banks((g)(ii)); “businesses that provide food, shelter, and social services, and other necessities…

Covington, Ga., Resolution for the Second Declaration of a Local State of Emergency Related to COVID-19 § 12 (Mar. 25, 2020)

This shelter in place order allows “essential businesses” to continue operations provided they comply with social distancing requirements. “Essential businesses” include e.g., food banks; convenience stores; “businesses that provide food . . . for economically disadvantaged or otherwise needy individuals;”…

Cudahy, Wis., Code of Ordinances § 6-159(8) (current through June 26, 2019)

This policy establishes a minimum heating standard for communal kitchens, in addition to other dwelling units, in rental housing locations. A minimum temperature of 68 degrees Fahrenheit shall be maintained at all all times.

Dacono, Colo., Code §§ 4-12(b)(21), (22) (current through Sept. 21, 2017)

These provisions exempt from sales tax certain purchases of food or meals purchased with federal food stamps or with funds provided by the special supplemental food program for women, infants and children (WIC) (as required by federal regulation), at food…

Dallas County, Tex., Amended Order of County Judge Clay Jenkins § 6 (Mar. 31, 2020)

Section 6 of this order prevents any person from selling goods or services, including e.g., “groceries” and “restaurant, cafeteria, and boarding-house meals,” for more than the retail price that the person charged on March 16, 2020, unless the increased price…

Dallas County, Tex., Amended Order of County Judge Clay Jenkins § 7 (Mar 31, 2020)

Section 7 suspends, for a period of 60 days, all delivery hour restrictions for entities involved in selling or distributing of food and certain medical products. The order includes language explaining that grocery stores and supermarkets are experiencing high demand…

Dallas, Tex., Code of Ordinances § 17-1.6(a)(5) (current through Nov. 13, 2019)

This ordinance establishes a defense to prosecution under the City’s Food Establishment code for individuals or organizations (not just church, civic, or other charitable organizations) that meet certain requirements and distribute or serve food, free of charge, to homeless people….

Dallas, Tex., Second Amended Emergency Reg. (Mar. 24, 2020) (adopting in substantial part Dallas County, Texas, Amended Order of County Judge Clay Jenkins (Mar. 23, 2020))

This set of emergency regulations for the City of Dallas adopts and applies to the city provisions of a county stay at home order (§ 1), which require businesses, except “Essential Businesses,” to cease all activities (Dallas County, Texas, Amended…

Daly City, Cal., Code of Ordinances ch. 8.72 (current through Mar. 7 2019)

This law requires restaurants that sell children’s meals that include a beverages to make the default beverage offered with such meals either water with no added sweeteners, or milk (or a non-dairy alternative).

Dania Beach, Fla., Code § 312-50 (current through Sept. 29, 2017)

This provision describes “urban agricultural gardens” and recognizes that “most community gardens share at least four (4) elements in common: land (or a place to grow something); plantings; gardeners; and some sort of organizing arrangements. Land for a community garden…

Dania Beach, Fla., Third Amend. to the Supplemental State of Emergency § 1(A), (G) (Apr. 10, 2020)

This order requires all employees and customers of grocery stores to wear facial coverings over their mouth and nose at all times when inside the grocery store. Individuals providing delivery services are also required to wear a facial covering when…

Dania Beach, Florida, Code § 312-30 (current through Sept. 29, 2017)

Establishes “pocket parks” as one use that qualifies for an open space incentive; notes that pocket parks may be used for urban agriculture purposes, among other things.

Davis, Cal., Code ch. 17, § 17.02 (Aug. 2017)

States that default beverages for children’s meals in restaurants must be either water with no added sweeteners of any kind or milk (or a non-dairy alternative)

Daytona Beach, Fla., Land Development Code § 1.3 (Current through Aug. 31, 2017)

This provision sets forth the general purpose and intent of the City’s land development code and is not a law per se. It states, among other things, an intent to “promote green and sustainable development through carbon footprint reduction, water…

Decatur, Ga., Code, Part IV, § 4.6. ¶ 4.6.4 (current through Feb. 7, 2019)

This law sets open space development requirements for the jurisdiction’s “MU Mixed Use District.” Among other things, it allows community gardens and rooftop garden installations as permissible “open space” uses.

Dekalb County, Ga., Res. No. 2020-0444 (May 12, 2020)

This resolution authorizes acceptance and distribution of a grant award in the amount of $18,114.80 from the Atlanta Regional Commission for meals for seniors during COVID-19. The purpose of the grant is to provide meals for 88 seniors placed on…

Dekalb County, Ga., Res. No. 2020-0881 (Sept. 8, 2020)

This resolution authorizes the acceptance of CARES Act funds from the Atlanta Regional Commission for services for DeKalb Seniors in the amount of $594,466.69, and appropriates $256,232.96 of that amount for home meal delivery. It also authorizes the Chief Executive…

DeKalb County, Ga., Res. No. 2020-1094 (Oct. 13, 2020)

This resolution allocates $6K in CARES Act funding, including $2,800,000 for “Health Promotion/Food Health Education and Mobile Medical Units. Attachment 2 explains that the multi-purposed purchase of four walk-in “mobile wellness clinic/Farmer’s Market” vans will target access to nutrition and…

DeLand, Florida, Code § 33-24 (current through July 18, 2016)

Provides standards for community gardens and market gardens to receive a “special exception” (permit) to operate. Gardens must register annually, and have a governing board. Gardens may only be used for cultivation of fruits, vegetables, plants, and herbs. Allows use…

Delano, Cal., Code § 20.11.155 (current through May 10, 2016)

This law sets forth requirements for certified and non-certified farmers’ markets (which must be approved by the county or city, respectively) including requiring vendors to accept payments from recipients of federal, state, and local food assistance programs. Other requirements pertain…

Denver City & Cty, Colo., Ord. No. 621 (Nov. 18, 2008)

The ordinance removed a prohibition on the keeping of domestic honeybees in residential zones (including mixed-use zones), and expressly allowed them as an accessory use so long as certain conditions are met. For example, each zone lot could have only…

Denver, Colo., Code of Ordinances § 20-18(Account Number 97000/282110)(k) (current through Dec. 19, 2019)

Designates the timing and routing of sales and use taxes collected for the Healthy Food for Denver’s Kids Initiative Fund.

Denver, Colo., Code of Ordinances § 53-98(n) (current through Dec. 19, 2019)

Establishes a use tax to fund a grant-making program called the Healthy Food For Denver’s Kids Initiative.

Denver, Colo., Code of Ordinances, ch. 2, art. VIII, div. 6 (current through Mar. 20, 2020)

Law creates a Denver food commission that is responsible for creating requirements to distribute taxes and funds to non-profits that support the Healthy Food for Denver’s Kids Initiative. (See also § 53-27(j) regarding that initiative and requiring that revenues from…

Denver, Colo., Revised Municipal Code of the City and County of Denver § 53-27(j) (current through Mar. 20, 2020)

Retailers are required to collect a 0.08% sales tax for the purpose of funding the Healthy Food for Denver’s Kids Inititiative.

District of Columbia, Code Sections 47-3801to 3805 (current through Oct. 27, 2017)

The law creates 10 year tax and licensing fee exemptions for restaurants, retail stores, and supermarkets located in specific “priority development areas” of D.C. The exemptions include include exemption from real property tax, personal property tax, and exemptions from sales…

Douglas County, Kan., Emergency Order of Local Health Officers §§ 1(b)(ii); 1(e) (Mar. 22, 2020)

Section 1(b)(ii) defines “essential activities” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., activities to obtain or deliver fresh fruits and vegetables, and fresh meats, fish and poultry. Section 1(e) defines “essential businesses” that may…

Douglas County, Kan., Emergency Order of Local Health Officers §§ 1(e)(ii); (x); (xiv); 2(iii) (Mar. 22, 2020)

Section 1 defines “essential businesses” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., food banks (§1(e)(ii)); businesses that offer food and “other necessities of life” for “economically disadvantaged or otherwise needy individuals (§ 1(e)(v)); and…

Duarte, Cal., Code § 19.52.070 (Feb. 23, 2017)

This law allows community gardens to count toward the landscaping/”open space” requirements for multi-family residential developments. It also encourages the incorporation of edible landscape elements and/or crop tree as a component of the landscape plans for both residential and nonresidential…

Duluth, Minnesota, Legislative Code, ch. 50, art. III, § 50-20.3(B) (1-4) (current through May 25, 2017)

Identifies community gardens, farmers markets, and urban agriculture as commercial uses and provides regulations.

Dunwoody, Ga., Code § 27-135 (current through May 4, 2018)

This law sets standards for community gardens. Gardens may be individual or collective, and garden members may reside on the property. Other topics addressed include: placement and size of structures, on-site sales (some are allowed), drainage, and siting. Regarding limits…

Durham, N.C., Unified Development Code Sec. 5.4.12 (Sept. 1, 2017)

Article 5.4.12 of the Durham Unified Development Ordinance allows Durham residents to obtain permits to keep domestic chickens as an accessory use of property as long as they meet certain conditions and follow the required standards. Residents may keep up…

East Cleveland, Ohio, Res. No. 54-10 (Aug. 31, 2010)

The Resolution generally recognizes the city’s support for urban agriculture and community gardens, and commits the city to working collaboratively with partners to improve water access, transform vacant public land into community gardens, and meet with a group called the…

East Haven, Conn., Code of Ordinances, app. A § 10.03 (current through Dec. 14, 2018)

This policy expressly allows operators of boarding houses to serve shared meals, but expressly prohibits community kitchens in rooming houses. The policy also sets very basic standards for community kitchens, when allowed, to include a certain amount of square feet…

East Wenatchee, Wash., Ord. No. 2013-03 (May 28, 2013)

The ordinance amends the city’s zoning code to allow residents to keep farm animals for personal uses and engage in agricultural practices in certain residential zones.

El Paso County, Tex., Order No. 8, § 7 (a),(b),(n) (April 30, 2020)

Section 7 defines “Essential business” that are strongly encouraged to remain open during the stay at home order to include e.g., grocery stores that sell fresh fruits, vegetables, meats, fish, and poultry (§ 7a); “food cultivation” which includes a list…

El Paso, Tex., Emergency Ordinance Instituting Emergency Measures Due to A Public Health Emergency (Mar. 17, 2020)

Item three of the ordinance forbids any person from selling certain goods and services, including, e.g., groceries; and restaurant, cafeteria, and boarding-house meals for more than the price the person charged for the goods or services on March 13, 2020.

El Paso, Tex., Stay Home, Work Safe Order § 6(g) (Mar. 24, 2020)

This order allows and encourages essential businesses to remain open during the public health crisis, including food banks (§ 6(g)(ii)), food delivery services (§ 6(g)(xvi)), and businesses that provide food, shelter, and social services for elderly, economically disadvantaged or otherwise…

El Paso, Tex., Stay Home, Work Safe Order § 6(g)(iii) (Mar. 24, 2020)

This stay-at-home order classifies food cultivation, including farming, livestock, and fishing, as essential businesses that are allowed and strongly encouraged to remain open during the public health crisis.

Emporia, Kan., Res. No. 3618 (Apr. 3, 2019)

The resolution memorializes an agreement that the City of Emporia will use all Blue Cross/Blue Shield Pathways grant funds for Safe Routes to Healthy Food projects and reflects the City’s commitment to prioritize low-income areas when awarding funds for such…

Enid, Okla., Emergency Declaration Covid-19, § XIII (Mar. 27, 2020)

This stay-at-home order allows individuals to leave their residence only to perform “essential activities” or to perform work at an “essential business.” Section XIII(C)(c) defines “essential businesses” to include food cultivation, production, and distribution activities, including e.g. agriculture, forestry, hunting,…

Fairfax County, Va., Code of Ordinances § F-15 (current through Oct. 14, 2021)

This law establishes, provides use standards for, and defines the location of the Potomac Vegetable Farm Local Agricultural and Forestal District. Among other things, it prohibits land within the district from being developed to a more intensive use than its…

Falls Church, Va., Code of Ordinances § 34-7 (current through Aug. 1, 2019)

This provision sets standards for composting on private property, including composting of organic food waste.

Fargo, N.D., Code of Ordinances §§ 12-0306 to -0315 (current through Sept. 28, 2021)

These sections provide permitting requirements for keeping of up to four female chickens; standards for chicken coops and runs as accessory structures; and sanitation, confinement and noise requirements for chicken-keeping.

Fate, Tex., Code of Ordinances §§ 20-129 to -132 (current through Nov. 16, 2021)

This law creates a municipal child safety trust fund from court fees collected from convicted violators of certain motor vehicle laws and enables surplus monies from the fund to be used for child nutrition and other child health and safety…

Fayetteville, Ark., Code of Ordinances § 178.04 (current through August 2, 2019)

This section generally regulates and sets permitting requirements for food trucks, food trailers and other mobile vendors and for mobile vendor courts. However certain operators including non-profit entities that engage in temporary sales for less than five (5) consecutive days…

Fayetteville, Arkansas, Code § 164.04 (current through Nov. 1, 2017)

Provides regulations pertaining to the keeping of fowl (ducks and chickens), bees, and goats within city limits.

Federal Way, Wash., Revised Code § 19.262 (current through Nov. 5, 2019)

This policy establishes urban agriculture as a permitted land use in any zone of the city and specifies associated use standards. Policy identifies increasing local food security and producing healthy foods among its stated purposes.

Ferguson, Missouri, Zoning Ordinance § 8.3 (current through March 31, 2016)

This law establishes and regulates permitted special uses in the City’s single family residence district including agritourism and urban agriculture.

Ferguson, Mo., Code § 2-4 (current through May 31, 2019)

This policy directs the city manager to develop, implement, and maintain an energy-conservation plan and lists “promoting the use of neighborhood gardens” as one of several possible environmentally-friendly avenues for the city to consider in its plan.

Ferguson, Mo., Code §§ 40-60 to 40-63 (current through Sept. 29, 2017)

This law allows community gardens in public places with a permit, and sets standards and regulations for the same. Specific requirements address site planning, volunteers, maintenance, equipment use, composting, signage, fencing, etc. Structures such as storage sheds, greenhouses, and raised…

Ferguson, Mo., Code of Ordinances § 37-6 (current through May 31, 2019)

This provision sets standards for composting on private property. It allows, among other things, composting of pre-consumer organic food scraps, vegetative garden waste, and (with conditions) vegetables, fruit and their remains, egg shells, coffee grounds, and fruit peels.

Fernley, Nev., Code of Ordinances § 32.07.490 (current through Nov. 2, 2021)

This section, which prioritizes healthy, local food, clarifies that limited agricultural production is allowed as an accessory use to residential uses, and as a primary use in residential neighborhoods. It also establishes use standards for composting and other activities to…

Firtchburg, Mass., Order Requiring Facial Coverings Where Social Distancing is Not Possible §§ 1, 3-5 (May 6, 2020)

This order requires all employees of essential businesses and food handlers to wear a face covering when interacting with the public and when working within six feet of a co-worker, and requires employers to provide face coverings for employees who…

Fitchburg, Wis., Code § 22-538 (current through Aug. 9, 2017)

This section establishes the purpose of the City’s A-S Small Lot Agriculture District, which is intended to ensure that urban agriculture and community gardens in the urban service area are located to meet the needs for local food production. It…

Fitchburg, Wisconsin, Code § 22-218 (current through Aug. 9, 2017)

Allows urban agriculture uses in all residential districts with a conditional use permit, provided that specific standards are considered and deemed met. Includes animal husbandry, farm stands, on-site processing, composting, and use of greenhouses and hoophouses.

Food, Environmental, and Economic Development in the District of Columbia Act of 2010, DC Law 18-353 (April 7, 2011)

This uncodified law created a program to support and encourage grocery stores and other healthy food retail outlets. It includes incentives and assistance for developing or improving grocery stores and corner stores, farmers markets and small stores. It created the…

Forest Acres, S.C., Ordinance No. 2020-14 §§ 1-2 (July 2, 2020)

This ordinance requires all individuals over the age of 10 to wear facial coverings in businesses open to the public, including grocery and convenience stores (§ 1), and requires businesses to post signage notifying customers of the face covering requirement….

Fort Collins, Colo., Code § 12-23 (current through Oct. 17, 2017)

Creates general requirement that food stores that accumulate a certain amount of excess food must subscribe to a service for the collection of food scraps by a licensed collector, but provided enumerated exemptions for, among other things, stores that donate…

Fort Collins, Colo., Municipal Code §15-416 (current through July 15, 2019)

This provision is located within the City’s article on solid waste collection and recycling services. It directs the City Manager, in consultation with other parties, to determine which items (including recyclables, food scraps, and yard trimmings) shall be designated for…

Fort Lauderdale, Fla., Code of Ordinances § 47-21.3 (current through Aug. 6, 2019)

This code establishes design standards for landscaping. Requirements include low impact design that preserves existing native trees and vegetation, irrigation system, and encourages preservation of wildlife supporting vegetation. Fruit-bearing trees and plants are considered part of a “sustainable and edible…

Fort Lauderdale, Fla., Land Development Code § 47-18.41 (current through Sept. 14, 2017)

This section sets standards for urban farms and community gardens and establishes that urban farms shall generally be permitted as a principal or accessory use within non-residential zoning districts, with some exceptions. The law also recognizes the health, environmental and…

Fort Pierce, Fla., Code of Ordinances § 125-197 (current through Oct. 8, 2021)

This section establishes requirements and allowed uses for the city’s Edgartown Settlement Zoning District. The standards contained in this section contemplate a variety of mixed uses, including “urban food production” and “community gardens” to support the “community food system.” Those…

Fredericksburg, VA., Code Chapter 14, art. IX (current through May 23, 2017)

Regulates the keeping of chickens and bees. License is required for both with annual renewal. Up to four chickens (no roosters) and up to two beehives per single-family lot are allowed. Chickens may be kept for personal use only –…

Fremont, Cal., Exec. Order No. 2020-07 (July 23, 2020)

Section 1 of this Executive Order declares that no third-party delivery service may charge a covered establishment (restaurant) a fee for use of its service that is more than 15% during the COVID-19 pandemic. Section 1(5) states that this restriction…

Fresno, Cal., Code of Ordinances § 15-2722 (current through Sept. 24, 2019)

This provision establishes use and activity standards for the City’s “corner commercial” category of development, which allows for certain small-scale commercial uses on corner lots on major streets, including “healthy food grocers.”

Fresno, Cal., Code of Ordinances § 15-2734 (current through Sept. 24, 2019)

This law allows single-family homes to incorporate gardens, either raised or non-raised beds, into all yards and may be tended with only household garden products, tools, and equipment.

Fresno, Cal., Code of Ordinances §15-2757(F) (current through Sept. 24, 2019)

This policy requires single room occupancy boarding homes, housing 5 to 15 guests or residents, to provide cooking facilities in individual units or in a community kitchen. Cooking facilities in units are required to have a sink, counter with electrical…

Fresno, Cal., Ordinance 2015-29 (Aug. 27, 2015)

This emergency ordinance, enacted pursuant to a State of Emergency in the State of California due to severe drought conditions, amends Section 6-520 of the Fresno code to allow home gardens and community gardens of 1/4 acre size or less…

Fresno, Cal., Ordinance No. 2020-010 (Mar. 19, 2020)

Amends section 2-514 of the city’s municipal code to add COVID-19 emergency response provisions, including language requiring the Senior Hot Meals programs to continue with appropriate health and safety precautions put in place. Also requires that the ordinance be immediately…

Fuquay-Varina, N.C., Code § 9-1005 (current through Dec. 30, 2016)

This provision is an intent section, rather than a law per se. It outlines the intent and purpose of the Town’s Land Development Ordinance which includes the aim of adding “urban agriculture and community gardens into regulations to encourage a…

Fuquay-Varina, North Carolina, Code § 9-1255(b)(1 and 2) (current through Dec. 30, 2016)

Provides use standards for beekeeping and chicken keeping, including which zones these uses are allowed (they are allowed as accessory uses in residential zones). Beekeepers must have training; chickens may be kept for personal use only.

Fuquay-Varina, North Carolina, Code § 9-1255(b)(10) (current through Dec. 30, 2016)

Provides use standards for urban agricultural uses. Allows for backyard, private gardens; but community gardens must be operated by at least three families or a homeowners’ association. On-site sales/farmstands are not allowed, but produce may be sold off-site, including to…

Galveston, Tex., Code § 2.317 (current through Sept. 22, 2017)

This law establishes design and use standards for community gardens. Among other things, it specifically allows sale of produce grown on-site and requires community gardens to be designed to meet the Americans with Disabilities Act requirements without the use of…

Geary County, Kan., Emergency Order of Local Health Officer §§ 1(b)(ii); 1(e) (Mar. 27, 2020)

Section 1(b)(ii) defines “essential activities” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., activities to obtain or deliver fresh fruits and vegetables, and fresh meats, fish and poultry. Section 1(e) defines “essential businesses” that may…

Geary County, Kan., Emergency Order of Local Health Officer §§ 1(e)(ii); (v); (xiv); 2(iii) (Mar. 27, 2020)

Section 1 defines “essential businesses” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., food banks (§1(e)(ii)); businesses that offer food and “other necessities of life” for “economically disadvantaged or otherwise needy individuals (§ 1(e)(v)); and…

Georgetown, Tex., Unified Development Code § 6.06.020 (current through Feb. 28, 2019)

This provision establishes standards for “required amenity areas” in certain multifamily and manufactured housing developments and includes community gardens as one of several amenity options.

Gloucester, Mass., Mayor and Board Health Emergency Order § 1 (Apr. 15 2020)

This order requires all members of the public to where a facial covering while entering grocery stores and other essential businesses.

Godfrey, Ill., Code § 2-237(5.1) (current through Sept. 29, 2017)

Upon the employee’s request, the Village must provide a “reasonable accommodation” of providing private, non-bathroom space to its employees for the purpose of expressing breast milk and breastfeeding.

Golden Colo., Municipal Code ch. 18.26 (current through Aug. 15, 2019)

This chapter establishes urban agriculture land use standards and permit requirements. It includes provisions related to neighborhoods farmers’ markets, produce stands, urban farms, community gardens, green gocers, backyard chickens, beekeeping, and small domestic livestock (including minature goats and pot-bellied pigs,…

Golden, Colo., Municipal Code § 18.40.342 (1) (current through Jan. 6 , 2022)

This provision sets a sustainability guideline for all site development plans within the city of providing community garden plots, at a minimum size of 20 square feet for fruit trees, or other means of food production on site for a…

Golden, Colorado, Code § 18.30.020 (7) and (7.5) (current through Oct. 5, 2017)

Outlines special process for issuance of special use permits for urban agriculture pursuant to sections 18.28.085 (keeping of animals); 18.26.010 (farmers markets), 18.26.015 (neighborhood farmers markets), and 18.26.030 (urban farms).

Golden, Colorado, Code Chapter 18.26 (current through Oct. 5, 2017)

Provides regulations for farmers’ markets, neighborhood farmers’ markets, produce stands, urban farms, community gardens, and Green Grocers. Requires farmers’ markets to accept SNAP; and requires farmers’ markets to offer “SNAP eligible foods” as defined by city code (at least 51%…

Great Falls, Mont., Code § 17.20.6.175 (current through Sept, 28, 2017)

This law sets forth details that must be submitted to the Planning and Community Development Department prior to approval of a new community garden. Required details include, among other things, identification of a garden coordinator, site plans and operating standards…

Greensboro, N.C., Emergency Proclamation § 1 (June 22, 2020)

This proclamation mandates that persons wear facial coverings outside of their households while in contact with people in private or public where social distancing is not possible or not being followed, including in grocery stores. It further identifies that facial…

Greenwood, S.C., Ordinance No. 20-013 §§ 5(a), 2(1)-(2) (July 13, 2020)

This ordinance requires customers of retail establishments, which includes grocery stores, to wear face coverings while inside an enclosed area (§§ 1(5)(a), 2(1)). Employees at retail establishments must wear face coverings in areas open to the general public and where…

Gulfport, Miss., Covid-19 Executive Order No. 2, pg. 8 (Mar. 31, 2020)

This stay-at-home order permits essential businesses to continue operations, including farm workers. The order also exempts fishing as personal recreation.

Hartford, Conn., Code § 14-22 (current through Sept. 7, 2017)

This law prohibits food establishments from storing, distributing, holding for service, or serving foods containing artificial trans fat or using them in preparation of any menu item or food served. The law carves out an exception for food served directly…

Henneipin County, Minn., Board of Hennepin County Commissioners Resolution 20-0246 (Jun. 23, 2020)

This resolution allocates $2,000,000 of federal funding from the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) to food security needs for Hennepin County residents negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, during the period of June 2, 2020 through…

Hilton Head, S.C., Emergency Ordinance 2020-14 §§ 2-6 (June 29, 2020)

This ordinance requires all individuals entering a “commerical business establishment,” including grocery stores, to wear a face covering while inside the premises (§§ 2-3). Commerical business establishments are also required to post signage to notify patrons of the face covering…

Holly, Mich., Code § 112.03 (current through Oct. 11, 2016)

Exempts “any gardener or farmer, or market gardener selling or offering for sale the produce of his or her farm or garden” from permit requirement for “peddlers.”

Honolulu, Haw., Emergency Order No. 2020-02 §§ II(A)(2), (F) (Mar. 22, 2020)

Section II(A)(2) defines “essential activities” that residents may engage in during the City’s stay-in-place order to include e.g., activities to obtain or deliver fresh fruits and vegetables, and fresh meats, fish and poultry. Section II(F) defines “essential businesses” that are…

Honolulu, Haw., Emergency Order No. 2020-02 §§ II(F)(2),(4),(13) (Mar. 22, 2020)

These provisions carve out exemptions to the City’s cessation of business order for certain “essential businesses” including e.g., food banks; businesses that offer food and “other necessities of life” for “economically disadvantaged or otherwise needy individuals;” schools that typically offer…

Honolulu, Haw., Emergency Order No. 2020-14 § 2 (May 28, 2020)

This order requires individuals to shelter in place except for certain essential activities and essential business work including e.g.: home-based care which includes meal delivery to seniors, adults, children, people with disabilities, substance abuse disorder, and/or mental illness (F)(17); travel…

Horry County, S.C., Ordinance -20 § 2 (July 3, 2020)

This face covering mandate requires all persons to wear a face covering, as described by the CDC, while inside selected establishments, including grocery stores. Grocery store employees must wear a face covering while working in areas open to the general…

Howard County, Md., Code § 12.1800 et seq. (current through Dec. 28, 2017)

Provides nutrition standards for packaged food and beverages served at youth-oriented County programs, and sold through vending machines on County property. (to be applied to 75% of packaged food and beverages offered in vending machines on County property).

Independence, Or. Code of Ordinances § 6-133 (current through May 31, 2019)

The policy requires that single-room occupancy housing units have either a kitchen in each individual unit with a designated minimum clear work space for safety or a community kitchen on the same floor as the unit.

Indianapolis – Marion County, Ind., Code of Ordinances § 231-508 (current through Feb. 3, 2022)

This law directs the Office of Public Health and Safety to designate charitable distribution sites in the Downtown Indianapolis. Sites are to be designed to help organizations and individuals who wish to make charitable donations of food or other items…

Indianapolis – Marion County, Ind., Code of Ordinances §§ 202-761 to -767 (current through Nov. 19, 2021)

In general, this law 1) establishes a Division of Community Nutrition and Food Policy (the Division) within the consolidated city-county’s Office of Public Health and Safety and creates the position of administrator of the Division to serve as the principal…

Jackson County, Mo., Ord. No. 5371 (July 13, 2020)

This ordinance appropriates $500,000 from the CARES Act fund and executes a contract to “Harvester’s” for the purpose of minimizing food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Harvester’s is associated with The Community Food Network of Kansas City, MO, and submitted…

Jackson, Miss., Mayoral Proclamation of Exec. Order (1) Requiring Individuals to Stay at Home and Practice Social Distancing Requirements, (2) Barring Non-Essential Business and (3) Limiting Certain Other Activities in the City of Jackson, §§ 12(b), (d) (Mar. 31, 2020)

This stay-at-home order requiring the closure of nonessential businesses, among other provisions, exempts farmers’ markets, farm and produce stands, and other establishments engaged in the retail sale of groceries, fresh fruits and vegetables, fresh meats, fish, and poultry (section 12(b))….

Jackson, Wyo., Emergency Ordinance 1249 §§ 4(a)(iv), (vi) (Mar. 28, 2020)

Section 4 exempts “essential activities” from the stay-at-home restriction, which includes working at “essential businesses” including food banks, convenience stores, other establishments that sell canned food, dry goods, fresh fruits and vegetables, and organizations that provide food for “economically disadvantaged…

Jacksonville, Fla., Code of Ordinances § 702.103 (a) (current through Jan. 27, 2022)

This provision establishes that emergency food services may be provided through the city’s Comprehensive Victim Assistance Program.

Jacksonville, Fla., Emergency Exec. Order 2020-5 § (m) (Apr. 1, 2020)

Section (m) allows schools to continue to provide free food to students or members of the public on condition that it is for pick-up or takeaway only.

Jacksonville, Fla., Emergency Exec. Order 2020-5 §§ b-c (Apr. 1, 2020)

This executive order requires nonessential business closure exempts farmers’ markets and farm and produce stands (Section b) and food cultivation, including farming, livestock, and fishing (Section c).

Jacksonville, Fla., Emergency Exec. Order 2020-5 §§ b, d (Apr. 1, 2020)

This executive order requires nonessential business closure exempts food banks and other establishments selling food (Section b) and businesses that provide food for economically disadvantaged or individuals otherwise in need (Section d).

Jefferson County, Wash., Code § 8.25.030 (current through Nov. 4, 2019)

This policy states that the community kitchens in county parks are “provided for the use of the public” and that “individuals are requested not to use an undue portion of the same for an unreasonable length of time.”

Jersey City, N.J., Code § 175-28 (current through Jan. 25, 2018)

Establishes regulations for seasonal farmers’ markets. Only non-profits may receive a seasonal market license to operate a farmers’ market. To get a seasonal market license, at least 55% of the total volume of products available for sale must be a…

Jersey City, N.J., Code § 3-107.3 (2017)

This provision establishes the “Division of Food and Nutrition” within the city’s department of human services to provide education and training related to food preparation and administer the Women’s Infants and Children (WIC) program, the Meals on Wheels program, the…

Jersey City, N.J., Code of Ordinances ch. 3, art. 3, § 3-103 (current through Sept. 29, 2021)

This section creates a Division of Veterans Affairs within the City’s Department of Health and Human Services to, among other things, develop “forward-thinking opportunities and partnerships to improve the quality of life of veterans, military personnel, and both groups’ respective…

Jersey City, N.J., Exec. Order 2020-004 § 8 (Mar. 16, 2020)

Section 8 of this executive order requires grocery stores with 3 or more cash registers to reserve shopping hours for priority populations in the morning, including e.g. “customers age 60 and over, pregnant customers, and customers withdisabilities . . ….

Jersey City, N.J., Ordinance 11-019 (Feb. 23, 2011)

This ordinance amends the City’s “Adopt A Lot” program, authorizing low-cost ($1.00 per year) lease of vacant city land, to include “open space” shown to be in need of improvements, for the use of gardening or recreation. The amendments also…

Jersey City, N.J., Ordinance 16.091 (Municode, Municipal Code Corporation, June 15, 2016)

This ordinance approves a city lease for a community garden site at a rate of $1 for a term of one year through the City’s adopt a lot program, but may be terminated at the convenience of the city with…

Johnson County, Kan., Emergency Order of Local Health Officer §§ 1(b)(ii); 1(e) (Mar. 22, 2020)

Section 1(b)(ii) defines “essential activities” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., activities to obtain or deliver fresh fruits and vegetables, and fresh meats, fish and poultry. Section 1(e) defines “essential businesses” that may…

Johnson County, Kan., Emergency Order of Local Health Officer §§ 1(e)(ii); (v); (xiv); 2(iii) (Mar. 22, 2020)

Section 1 defines “essential businesses” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., food banks (§1(e)(ii)); businesses that offer food and “other necessities of life” for “economically disadvantaged or otherwise needy individuals (§ 1(e)(v)); and…

Kannapolis, N.C., Code of Ordinances art. III (current through Dec. 13, 2021)

This emergency preparedness law allows, among other things, the mayor to declare emergencies in response to events that impair food supply and to issue orders and advise appropriate authorities concerning allocation of food and other essential commodities. The article also…

Kansas City, Missouri, Code, § 74-201 et seq. (current through Oct. 20, 2017)

Establishes and provides regulations for an Urban Agriculture Zones (UAZ) for growers, and small businesses who process or sell (vend) food, on blighted and underutilized land. Qualified UAZs are exempt from property taxes for a time period designated by the…

Kansas City, Missouri, Zoning and Development Code, § 88-312-02 (current through Oct. 23, 2017)

Defines and provides regulations for home and community gardens, and Community Supported Agriculture. Community Supported Agriculture activities require a permit; home gardens are permitted as an accessory use (and occasional on-site sales or donations of whole, uncut fresh produce grown…

Kansas City, Mo., Code ch. 74, art. IV, § 74-70 et seq. (current through Oct. 20, 2017)

This law establishes a land bank and creates a land bank agency for the purpose of managing, selling, transferring and disposing of interests in real estate for various specified uses, which include, among other things, “urban agriculture, community gardens, or…

Kansas City, Mo., Second Amended Order 20-01 §§ III (A)(1)(ii); III A(2) (Mar. 21, 2020)

Section III (A)(1)(ii) defines “essential activities” that residents may engage in during the state of emergency period declared by the City beginning on March 12, 2020, to include e.g., activities to obtain or deliver fresh fruits and vegetables; and fresh…

Kansas City, Mo., Second Amended Order 20-01 §§ III (A)(2)(ii), (v), (xii) (Mar. 21, 2020)

These provisions define “essential businesses” that may continue during the state of emergency period declared by the City beginning on March 12, 2020 to include e.g., food banks; businesses that offer food and “other necessities of life” for “economically disadvantaged…

Kaua’i County, Haw., Mayor’s Emergency Rule #5, Amend. #3 (Apr. 8, 2020)

This emergency rule includes a provision on page 2 which requires stores that sell groceries to “implement controls to discourage hoarding of essential supplies.” Persons violating this rule shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and subject to fines of up…

Kaufman County, Tex., Shelter in Place Order of the County Judge § 4(a)(13) (Mar. 24, 2020)

Section 4 of this shelter-in-place order exempts persons operating an essential business, including workers that support food, shelter, social services, and other life necessities to economically disadvantaged or needy individuals, as well as grocery store and other retail workers that…

Kaufman County, Tex., Shelter in Place Order of the County Judge §§ 4(b)(7), (10)-(12) & (19) (Mar. 24, 2020)

Section 4 of this shelter-in-place order exempts persons operating an essential business, including food and agriculture (7), food processing facilities for meat and seafood (10), farm and fishery workers (11-12), and animal agriculture workers (19).

Kenai Peninsula Borough, Alaska, Code of Ordinances ch. 5.22 (current through Nov. 18, 2021)

This law establishes the conditions and criteria for award of start-up and continuing operation grants by the Kenai Peninsula Borough to nonprofit, tax exempt senior citizen centers and adult day care centers operating and located within the Kenai Peninsula Borough….

Kennett Township, Penn., Code § 240-1935.1 (current through July 3, 2018)

This provision sets use and development standards for the community’s “Retirement Community 2 (RC-2)” zoning district. Among other things, it requires developments to be pedestrian-oriented and allows community gardens as a permitted accessory use.

Kern County, Cal., Code § 19.26.190 (7) (current through Oct. 18, 2017)

This provision is part of a law that provides standards for community gardens in the County’s Mobilehome Park District. Community gardens must be on lots owned or leased by a property owner’s association, homeowner’s association, tenant’s association, nonprofit organization or…

Kern County, Cal., Code § 19.28.130 (D) (current through March 13, 2019)

Establishes standards for community gardens in the county’s Neighborhood Commercial (C-1) District, including standards for produce stands for sales of produce grown on-site.

Kinston, N.C., Emergency Proclamation § 1 (June 20, 2020)

This emergency proclamation requires individuals to wear a facial covering in public and private spaces within the city when it is not possible to maintain social distancing with people who are non-household members, including in a grocery store. Exceptions to…

Knox County, Tenn., Code § 2-759 (current through Mar. 28, 2017)

This law allows up to two paid breaks (of 15 minutes each) each day for women with a nursing child up to one year of age to express breastmilk. Requires employers to work with employee on scheduling breaks, and finding…

Knoxville, Tennessee, Code, app. B, art. V, § 25 (current through Oct. 16, 2017)

Provides performance standards for urban agriculture uses, including beekeeping, backyard composting, hydroponics and aquaponics, and season extension structures such as low tunnels and cold frames, and high tunnels and green houses.

L.A. Admin. Code § 8.325.5(e)(7) (current through Sept. 30, 2017)

Specifies that competitive funds will be awarded to improvement projects over a 30 year period for the “L.A. FOR KIDS Program,” including $15,000,000 for urban greening, which may be in the form of community gardens or other specified project types.

L.A. County, Cal., Board Policy Manual § 3.115 (current through May 31, 2018)

Establishes nutrition standards for all food and beverages offered in county-contracted vending machines in county facilities and offices (unless exempted by the Board of Supervisors). Standards address fat, sodium, calories, trans fat, and added sugars.

L.A. County, Cal., Code §§ 22.44.1520 to 22.44.1525 (current through Oct. 21, 2017)

This law regulates farmers’ markets in the Santa Monica Mountains Coastal Zone District (Coastal Zone). It regulates where farmers’ markets may be located within the district (subject to receiving some type of coastal development permit). It addresses requirements including EBT…

L.A. County, Cal., Code pt. 25 (2017)

This law provides general regulations for farmers’ markets across all districts. It addresses requirements including EBT acceptance of nutrition program payments (CalFresh), trash, noise, inspections, required permits, etc. In addition it sets parking requirements, which are reduced for farmers’ markets…

L.A., Cal., Code § 41.20(j) (current through Dec. 31, 2017)

This provision is part of a law that sets up a permitting process for special events that could require temporary closure of city streets. The provision authorizes and directs the Board of Public Works to require that applicants for Special…

La Crosse, Wisconsin, Code § 115-347(5) (current through Sept. 13, 2017)

Permits small scale urban agricultural uses in the Local Business District (C-1), and Commercial District (C-2), after obtaining a conditional use permit. Small scale agriculture uses includes wholesale and retail sale of produce, composting and vermicomposting for greenhouse use and…

Lancaster, Penn., Code § 291 et seq. (current through Dec. 20, 2016)

This law establishes a licensing scheme for cart vendors in central business districts and cart and truck vendors in neighborhood districts, including licensing process, standards of operation, and cart design standards. Carts in the business districts may sell “food products”…

Lansing Charter Township, Mich., Code § 27-3(b) (current through Sep. 4, 2014)

This provision is part of a comprehensive complete street law and requires the township to prioritize completes streets projects that that are located near public service areas and that provide improved access to healthy food (e.g., farmers markets, full service…

Laredo, Tex., Ordinance 2017-O-045 (Apr. 20, 2017)

Uncodified ordinance amending Chapter 13 (Food and Food Products) of Laredo’s code of ordinances; creates Article V (Urban Agriculture), allowing for home gardens, community gardens and district gardens. Allows all types of gardens to use aquaponics, hydroponics, and composting. States…

Las Cruces, N.M., Res. 20-132 Attachment A (Apr. 3, 2020)

This resolution allocates emergency assistance from the city’s “Telshor Facility Fund” to support local nonprofit organizations and essential service providers impacted by COVID-19. The fiscal note attached includes “council recommended uses” for the funding, including up to $2500 to Loaves…

Las Cruces, N.M., Res. 20-155 (May 18, 2020)

This resolution allocates funding that the city received from the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and. Economic Security Act (CARES) Act, including granting $125,000 to Casa de Peregrinos (emergency food program) for food bank operations.

Las Vegas, Nev., Code § 11.10.150 (current through Sept. 26, 2017)

Allows Parking Services to set up a temporary program up to twice a year where people may choose to pay for certain parking tickets with food donations (or other kinds of donations, like toys).

Lauderhill, Fla., Code § 5.14 (current through Nov. 30, 2017)

Allows community gardens in two types of zones as a permitted use subject to the regulations in this provision. Applicants must submit a site plan (including parking, composting, etc.), explain their operating procedures, address soil issues, and any other issues…

Laurel, Mass., Exec. Order No. 2020-15, § V(C) (May 15, 2020)

This provision exempts staff and volunteers of, e.g., non-profit organizations or facilities “providing essential services to low-income persons,” including, e.g., food banks, and soup kitchens, from the closure and movement restrictions imposed by the countywide stay-at-home order.

Lawrence, Kan. Code § 20-551. (current through Feb. 12, 2019)

This law allows for special land use permits for urban farms in residential districts that allows crop agriculture and/or small or large animal agriculture to exceed the standards (e.g., number of animals, size of on-site sales area) otherwise set by…

Lawrence, Kan., Ord. No. 8378 (Apr. 7, 2009)

Uncodified version of an ordinance that established regulations allowing for the keeping of female chickens and ducks in residential areas. This law has been amended again since 2012. See Lawrence, Kan., Code sec. 20-547 (2015).

Leavenworth County, Kan., Emergency Order of Local Health Officer §§ 1(b)(ii), 1(e) (Mar. 24, 2020)

Section 1(b)(ii) defines “essential activities” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., activities to obtain or deliver fresh fruits and vegetables, and fresh meats, fish and poultry. Section 1(e) defines “essential businesses” that may…

Leavenworth County, Kan., Emergency Order of Local Health Officer §§ 1(e)(ii); (v); (xiv); 2(iii) (Mar. 24, 2020)

Section 1 defines “essential businesses” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., food banks (§1(e)(ii)); businesses that offer food and “other necessities of life” for “economically disadvantaged or otherwise needy individuals (§ 1(e)(v)); and…

Lee County, Fla., Land Development Code §§ 34-1711 to 34-1716 (current through Oct. 19, 2017)

This regulates agritourism, produce stands, U-Pick, and community gardens. Community gardens may be permitted by right as specified in district use regulations, subject to the requirements in this section. Sales of items grown on-site are allowed but require a temporary…

Leon County, Fla., Code § 10-6.816 (current through Aug. 24, 2017–reflects law prior to Ord. No. 2020-07, § 2, adopted April 28, 2020)

This law establishes supplemental use regulations for community gardens. Topics addressed include size limitations, environmental permit requirements, noise limitations, maintenance responsibilities, signage and use of chemicals, etc. Limitations of this law include that it prohibits on-site sales and expressly provides…

Lewiston, Idaho, Public Health Emergency Order No. 20-01 for the City of Lewiston § 4 (Mar. 25, 2020)

Section 4 of this emergency order exempts overnight and day shelters that provide food for those experiencing homelessness from closure requirement of restaurants and dine-in food service.

Lexington-Fayette County, Ky., Code § 10-14.1 (and § 10-15) (current through March 29, 2019)

Section 10-14.1 establishes standards for community and market gardens. Allows produce to be grown for personal or group use, consumption, donation or off-site sales, but does not allow on-site sales. Also does not allow raising of livestock on land except…

Lexington, N.C., Code § 4.11.3 (current through Feb. 14, 2019)

This provision permits and encourages manufactured housing developers to add sustainable elements, including community gardens, composting, and food-producing and edible landscapes, into manufactured home neighborhood design plans.

Lincoln, Neb., Municipal Code. ch. 9.50 (Current through Nov. 15, 2021)

This law prohibits a “person” from engaging in “profiteering” through sale of merchandise–including, among other things, water and food–at an excessive price during an emergency as declared by the mayor or city council. For purposes of the law a person…

Lincoln, Neb., Municipal Code. ch. 9.60 (current through Nov. 5, 2021)

This law, which is enforceable only during declared “emergencies,” limits third-party food delivery service fees and requires third-party food delivery service to honor requests from food establishment to opt out of future deliveries when there is no existing contract between…

Local Laws of the City of New York, No. 49 (Aug. 17, 2011)

This law amends the city’s administrative and building code so that certain greenhouses (it appears those fewer than 4 feet tall) are partially exempt from being included as part of the height of the building.

Lomita, Cal., Code of Ordinances §11-1.68.09(14) (current through July 29, 2019)

This policy allows for an emergency shelter to provide a commercial kitchen facility, designed and operated in compliance with the California Retail Food Code, and/or a dining area.

Long Beach, Cal., Municipal Code § 8.77 (current through Dec. 6, 2019)

This policy creates an urban agriculture incentive zone program that confers a reduced property tax assessment for owners of participating vacant or unimproved properties.

Long Beach, Cal., Municipal Code ch. 5.95 (current through Nov. 3, 2021)

This law, enacted via emergency ordinance in 2021, limits third-party food delivery service fees and requires every third-party food delivery service provider to disclose to the customer, “in plain language and in a conspicuous manner, any commission, fee, or any…

Long Beach, Cal., Municipal Code ch. 6.20 (current through Sept. 28, 2021)

The provisions in this chapter allow for and regulate the keeping of non-crowing fowl, goats, and rabbits. If spacing, sanitation, enclosure, feeding and other requirements are met, persons may generally keep up to 20 fowl, with permits required for keeping…

Long Beach, Cal., Municipal Code ch. 8.17 (Mar. 14 2019)

This law requires restaurants that sell children’s meals that include a beverages to make the default beverage offered with such meals either water with no artificial sweeteners or additives; nonfat or one percent (1%) milk, or non-dairy milk alternative that…

Los Angeles County, Cal., Board of Supervisors Policy Manual § 3.115 (current through Sept. 28, 2017)

Establishes nutrition standards for food and beverages sold through vending machines on county property.

Los Angeles County, California, Code § 2.52.3400 et seq.(current through Oct. 31, 2017)

Implements Urban Agriculture Incentive Zone (UAIZ)]Program, which allows landowners in urban areas to receive reduced tax assessments for putting land towards an agricultural use. Any agricultural use that is allowed or conditionally allowed under state or local law can qualify….

Los Angeles, Cal., Ordinance No. 180103 (Aug. 4, 2008)

This uncodified ordinace created a one year moratorium on permits for new fast-food restaurants in South Los Angeles. According to Growing Food Connections, this areas of Los Angeles is “a low-income and minority area of the city with high rates…

Los Angeles, Cal., Ordinance No. 186587 (Mar. 31, 2020)

This ordinance adds Article 2-72TT to Chapter XX of the Los Angeles Municipal Code to require retail food stores to dedicate the first hour, or in the case of a store that is open 24-hours, at least one hour in…

Los Angeles, Cal., Public Order Under City of Los Angeles Emergency Authority (Mar. 15, 2020)

Item 4 of the order exempts specific establishment types including cafeterias; commissaries; and restaurants located within hospitals, nursing homes, or similar facilities; and food banks from general order prohibiting restaurants and retail food facilities from serving food for consumption on…

Louisville-Jefferson County Metro Government, Ky. Code of Ordinances § 118.08 (current through Jan. 31, 2019)

This section requires Food Service Establishments that offer children’s meals to offer and/or list on the ordering menus at least one of the following for such meals: 1) one-quarter cup of unfried fruit or vegetables (excluding potatoes), 2) a whole…

Louisville-Jefferson County Metro Government, Ky. Code of Ordinances § 118.09 (current through Jan. 31, 2019)

This section requires Food Service Establishments that serve children’s meals to offer one of the following items as the default beverage for such meals: (1) Water, sparkling water, or flavored water with no added natural or artificial sweeteners; (2) Milk…

Louisville/Jefferson County Metro Government, Code § 118.07 (current through Sept. 11, 2019)

This law requires restaurants, which make caloric and other nutrition information available through public communication mediums such as the internet, websites, etc., to post caloric and other nutritional information within the establishment.

Louisville/Jefferson County, Ky., Metro Gov’t Ordinance No. 046, Series 2020 (Apr. 17, 2020)

This emergency ordinance amends Ordinance No. 044, Series 2020 which established an emergency assistance fund for food assistance and emergency housing assistance related to the COVID-19 pandemic. As amended by Ordinance, No. 046, Ordinance No. 044 allows the Metro government…

Lynn, Mass., Executive Order From the Mayor of the City of Lynn and Public Health Director of the City of Lynn Regulating Public and Private Inland and Coastal Landings, Boat Ramps, Marinas, and Yacht Clubs (May 11, 2020)

This order recognizes commercial fishing as an essential part to the food supply chain and states that it will continue to be permitted. However, workers are required to use public health guidance to limit interactions with each other and the…

Madison, Me., Code, ch. 245 (2016)

The town declares its right to food self-governance, stating that local producers and processors are exempt from food inspections and licensing requirements for food sold directly to customers (including through farmers’ markets, farm stands, or roadside stands, or delivered to…

Madison, Wis., Code § 23.37 (current through Feb. 7, 2018)

Makes it an offense against public policy for anyone to interfere with a mother’s right (or her surrogate’s right) to breastfeed in any location where she is lawfully allowed to be, except private homes.

Madison, Wis., Code of Ordinances § 8.33 (current through July 29, 2019)

This policy creates standards for the permitting, placement and maintenance of edible landscapes on certain City-owned land to “encourage the planting and harvesting of locally-grown fruits, vegetables, nuts and other edible plant forms for public consumption.” All plants and a…

Madison, Wis., Ord. No. 12-00025 (Mar. 6, 2012)

This ordinance established a licensing requirement for beekeeping (annual license, fee of $10), and added new or amended various sections of the city’s zoning code (Sec. 28.07, Sec. 28.08, Sec. 28.09) to allow and regulate keeping of bees as a…

Madison, Wis., Res-20-00293, (Apr. 28, 2020)

This resolution approves allocation of $50,000 in previously authorized funds from Miscellaneous Appropriations and authorizes the Mayor and City Clerk to enter into associated agreements with designated groups, and individuals to implement projects or programs that prioritize immediate COVID-19 needs….

Madison, Wis., Res-20-00320 (Apr. 21, 2020)

This resolution provides that “the City Department of Transportation Parking Division Manager or Traffic Engineer may temporarily suspend enforcement of Madison General Ordinance Section 12.122(1)(a), “which places restrictions on parking, stopping, or leaving a vehicle standing, “as deemed appropriate” to…

Madison, Wisconsin, Code § 28.093 (current through Aug. 14, 2017)

Establishes an Urban Agricultural District where urban agricultural uses are allowed either as a permitted or conditional use. Allows no more than 15% coverage of lot by buildings or paved arease, but hoophouses and greenhouses don’t count. Table 28G-1 lists…

Manatee County, Fla., Code § 2-2-11(b)(6) (current through Oct. 20, 2017)

This is a law relating to provision of food for employees dealing with an emergency. It requires that emergency food about to expire be donated to food shelves, food banks, food pantries and other “nonprofit organizations providing food and meals…

Marblehead, Mass., Emergency Order of 4-16-20 Regarding Facial Coverings § 1 (Apr. 16, 2020)

This emergency order requires all persons entering essential businesses, including grocery stores and farm stands, to wear a facial covering over their nose and mouth. It also requires essential businesses to post signage at public and employee entrances requiring facial…

Maricopa, Ariz., Res. No. 20-30 (July 15, 2020)

This resolution allocates CARES funding and approves a related reimbursement agreement form for purposes of reimbursing certain businesses and nonprofits for rent or purchase of personal protective equipment. The resolution specifically references nonprofit entities that have supported the citizens and…

Marin County, Cal., Ordinance 3653 (Aug. 2, 2016)

This ordinance creates a retail transaction and use tax, the proceeds of which are to be used solely for projects and purposes that are “deliberately linked to promote academic success and healthy lives” for children, including quality preschool education, childcare,…

Marshall, Tex., Code of Ordinances §§ 19A-61 to -63 (current through Nov. 16, 2021)

These sections establish that the city’s municipal court shall assess a court cost on each parking violation in the amount of five dollars ($5.00) to be paid into a fund for child safety, health, or nutrition.

Maui Cty., Haw., Code tit. 11, ch. 11.04, § 11.04.010, subd. A (1) (July 27, 2017)

Exempts grocery bags (or other suitable containers) from the general restriction on carrying food or beverages on a bus in containers that are not tightly closed or packaged to prevent spillage (11.04.010 (A)(1))

McCall, Idaho, Code § 3.8.18 (current through May 23, 2019)

This law limits the number of “retail formula businesses,” including restaurants required by contractual or other arrangement to maintain standardized services, merchandise, menus, ingredients, food preparation, uniforms, decor, logos, architecture, signs, or similar features to not more than ten percent…

Mecklenburg County, et al., N.C., Revised Joint Proclamation of the Chairman of the Mecklenburg County Board of Commissioners, the Mayor of the City of Charlotte, and the Mayors of the Towns at “Essential Business Operations,” ¶ 2 (Mar. 26, 2020)

This proclamation includes exemptions from ordered cessation of business closures for “essential businesses and operations,” including e.g, “food cultivation, including farming, livestock, fishing…and other production agriculture.”

Mecklenburg County, et al., N.C., Revised Joint Proclamation of the Chairman of the Mecklenburg County Board of Commissioners, the Mayor of the City of Charlotte, and the Mayors of the Towns at “Essential Business Operations,” ¶ 3 (Mar. 26, 2020)

This proclamation includes exemptions from ordered cessation of business closures for “essential businesses and operations,” including e.g., “organizations that provide charitable and social services,” including “food banks” and other businesses and nonprofits when providing food.

Mecklenburg County, et al., N.C., Revised Joint Proclamation of the Chairman of the Mecklenburg County Board of Commissioners, the Mayor of the City of Charlotte, and the Mayors of the Towns at “Prohibited and Permitted Travel,” ¶ 4 (Mar. 26, 2020)

This proclamation includes exemptions from travel restrictions to work for or obtain services from field offices that provide and help to determine eligibility for basic needs including food; and for businesses that provide food and other necessities of life for…

Medford, Mass., Code §§ 2-549 to 2-556 (current through July 5, 2017)

This law establishes a “Community Garden Commission” and sets forth various organizational details for the same including membership, jurisdiction, structure and reporting. The law also directs the commission to organize, coordinate, set policies and provide oversight for the various “community…

Mequon, Wis., Code of Ordinances § 10-154(9) (current through July 13, 2019)

This policy establishes adequate heating standards for communal kitchens, in addition to other dwelling units, in rental housing locations.

Merced, Cal., Code of Ordinances ch. 15.44 (current through September 30, 2021)

This chapter, established to address an ongoing water shortage emergency, sets forth specific watering restrictions for “noncommercial vegetable gardening,” and thereby allows for additional watering for that use beyond what is allowed for general landscape irrigation in chapter 15.44.

Meridian, Miss., Exec. Order No. Covid-19 (3) (Apr. 14), 2020)

Item 3 of the order defines “life-sustaining (essential) businesses” that are allowed to remain open during the City’s shelter-in-place order to include food cultivation, “including farming, livestock, fishing…and other production agriculture.”

Meridian, Miss., Exec. Order No. Covid-19 (3) § 3 (Apr. 14, 2020)

This stay-at-home order requiring the closure of nonessential businesses exempts charitable organizations and social services that provide food, including food banks, for economically disadvantaged or special populations, individuals who need assistance as a result of this emergency, and people with…

Metro Government of Nashville and Davidson County, Tenn., Code tit. 2, div. VI, ch. 2.224 (current through April 28, 2017)

Creates grant program for nonprofits for use to create school or community gardens for the benefit of children or seniors; lists criteria for receiving a grant and states what the program funds can be used for; program requires a matching…

Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County, Tenn., Res. RS2020-500 (Aug. 19, 2020)

This Metropolitan Council resolution requests the Mayor’s Office to release $2,500,000 of CARES funding to Second Harvest Food Bank of Middle Tennessee to distribute food to those most in need due to COVID-19. Any resident of the county is eligible…

Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County, Tenn., Res. RS2020-542, (Sept. 15, 2020)

This resolution accepts a grant from Second Harvest Food Bank of Middle Tennessee to the Metropolitan Government, acting by and through the Nashville Farmers’ Market, for $100,000.00 in CARES Act funds to be used to reimburse Farmers’ Market vendor/farmers who…

Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County, Tenn., Res. RS2020-635 (Nov. 17, 2020)

This resolution allocates $500,000 in CARES Act funds to Farmers Market vendors, in amounts up to $10,000 per vendor, for the purpose of rent relief for vendors that had operated a business, including farm stands, during March-December of 2020. The…

Miami Beach, Fla., Code § 82-4 (current through Oct. 17, 2017)

This law prohibits foods containing artificial trans fat from being dispensed in vending machines located on city property, provided that the vending machine is not located in a facility that is subject to a city management agreement. It also prohibits…

Miami Gardens, Fla., Code of Ordinances Div. 4.3 (current through Nov. 5, 2019)

This policy establishes the Healthy Procurement program, which includes a set of nutrition standards for adult meal provider contracts, food concessions, and vending machine contracts the city enters into.

Miami Gardens, Fla., Municipal Code §§ 2-798 to -803 (current through Feb. 26, 2021)

These provisions establish the City of Miami Gardens Healthy Procurement Program. Among other things, they set nutrition standards for city contracts with persons, organizations and entities providing meals at no cost to persons 60 years of age or older on…

Miami Gardens, Florida, Code § 34-420 (current through April 17, 2017)

Provides standards that urban agricultural uses must comply with to satisfy minimum open space requirements and qualify for open space incentives.

Miami-Dade County, Fla., Code § 33-284.86 (D)(1) (current through Aug. 22, 2019)

This provision sets standards/requirements for open spaces in developments in the “standard urban center districts.” Among other things, it provides that, subject to certain restrictions, community gardens shall be permitted in all land use categories to satisfy such requirements, but…

Miami-Dade County, Fla., Emergency Order 07-20 items 2(b), (c) (Mar. 19, 2020)

Item 2 of this emergency order defines “Essential Retail and Commercial Businesses” that may remain open amid other ordered closures to include establishments engaged in the sale of fresh fruits and vegetables, and fresh meats, fish and poultry; farmers markets…

Miami-Dade County, Fla., Emergency Order 07-20 items 2(b), (d), (m) (Mar. 19, 2020)

Item 2 of this emergency order defines “Essential Retail and Commercial Businesses” that may remain open amid other ordered closures to include food banks (b); “businesses that provide food, shelter, social services, and other necessities of life for economically disadvantaged…

Miami, Fla., Code ch. 62, art. XIII, div. 9, 62-622 (July 24, 2017)

Sets minimum square foot requirement for farmers market space, and limits on days and hour operations for markets; and specifies what should be in permit application. Also provides for a 50% discount for markets hosted by nonprofits or that accept…

Miami, Fla., Res. R-20-0362 § 2 (Nov. 18, 2020)

Section 2 of this resolution authorizes the City Manager to establish and approve an Individual/Household Groceries Gift Card Program funded with $3,554,000.00 in CARES Act pass-through funds from Miami-Dade County. The program provides a $250 gift card for grocery use…

Milwaukee County, Wis., Code § 17.37 (current through Jan. 31, 2018)

Provides for reasonable break times for county employees to express breast milk for up to two years after child’s birth, including paid breaks if those are available for non-nursing employees; includes several other protections for nursing mothers.

Milwuakee County, Wis., Order #1, COVID-19 Public Health Plan for Suburban Milwaukee County, Wisc. § 2(c), (s) (May 13, 2020)

This order was a collaborative effort among all jurisdictions in suburban Milwaukee County in response to the Wisconsin Supreme Court’s permission of the state to reopen. Section 2 of the order clarifies which businesses and activities are allowed to continue…

Milwuakee, Wis., Order #1, COVID-19 Public Health Plan for Suburban Milwaukee County, § 2(d), (f), (r) (May 13, 2020)

This order was a collaborative effort among all jurisdictions in suburban Milwaukee County in response to the Wisconsin Supreme Court’s permission of the state to reopen. Section 2 of the order clarifies which businesses and activities are allowed to continue…

Minneapolis, Minn., Code § 63.100 (current through Sept. 26, 2017)

The law requires a permit for keeping of backyard bees, and establishes regulations for beekeeping.

Minneapolis, Minn., Code § 201.30 (current through Oct. 23, 2017)

This law sets forth requirements for farmers’ markets (which must obtain a license), including a requirement that they “become authorized to accept FMNP (Farmers Market Nutrition Program), S/FMNP (Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program), WIC-CVV (Women, Infants and Children Fruit and…

Minneapolis, Minn., Code § 201.40 (current through January 22, 2018)

This law establishes a category of public market called mini markets, which may only have up to five vendors, at least one of whom must be a grower or group of growers who ” who sell products that are grown,…

Minneapolis, Minn., Code § 201.50 (current through January 22, 2018)

This law establishes a category of public market called “produce and craft markets,” which may “contain market vendors selling self-produced goods, of any type, with a maximum of one (1) market vendor, or ten (10) percent of market vendors, whichever…

Minneapolis, Minn., Code § 520.160 at “community garden” (current through Oct. 23, 2017)

Defines “community gardens” for zoning code purposes; includes growing food for purposes of donation as one of the allowed uses of community gardens.

Minneapolis, Minn., Code Chapter 202 (current through January 22, 2018)

This law establishes a city-owned and regulated municipal market to support the buying and selling of farm products and other related market products. At least 75% of vendors must be food vendors, and priority must be given to farm and…

Minneapolis, Minn., Code of Ordinances § 520.160 at “urban farm” (current through Oct. 7, 2021)

This section defines “urban farm” for purposes of the City’s Zoning Code to include “vertical farms, aquaponics, aquaculture, hydroponics and rooftop farms.” (See also use tables in Chapter 548 which identify zoning districts where urban farms are allowed; and Table…

Minneapolis, Minn., Code of Ordinances § 530.180 (current through Sept. 24, 2019)

This policy expressly allows “edible landscaping” in meeting zoning requirements for landscaping not subject to “general landscaping” or “parking and loading landscaping” requirements.

Minneapolis, Minn., Code tit 10, ch. 203 (Aug. 7, 2017)

Law establishes minimum stocking requirements for staple foods for most grocery stores in the city.

Minneapolis, Minn., Emergency Reg. No. 2020-5 (Mar. 17, 2020)

Waives late fees for specified food and other business licenses to ensure operational continuity and continued business capacity.

Minneapolis, Minn., File No. 2020-01088 (Nov. 19, 2020) (includes Council Action No. 2020A-0851 and Resolution No. 2020R-336)

Council Action No. 2020A-0851 approves the Minneapolis Health Department’s request to accept a $88,017 grant from the Minnesota Department of Human Services to facilitate emergency food distribution services and authorizes an agreement with the State. Accompanying documentation indicates that city…

Minneapolis, Minn., Ord. No. 2009-Or-189 (Dec. 18, 2009)

This uncodified ordinance shows that in 2009, Minneapolis raised the fees for small animal permits from $30 to $50. The Minneapolis code has been reorganized since this amendment was adopted; permitting requirements for keeping of chickens and other fowl are…

Minneapolis, Minn., Ord. No. 2014-Or-022 (May 23, 2014)

The ordinance amended the city code to expand its laws allowing mobile grocery store operations under certain conditions. According to the staff memo, the previous ordinance limited mobile stores to selling only prepackaged foods and only in senior high rises…

Missoula, Mont., Municipal Code § 6.07.1010 (current through date unclear)

This policy allows for and regulates keeping of livestock and domestic fowl.

Mobile, Ala., Order of the Mayor: Guidelines for Retail and Grocery Stores (Apr. 1, 2020)

This order directs retail and grocery stores in the City of Mobile to institute certain guidelines, including reserving “exclusive hours for those in high-risk populations, including seniors, where stores will limit their capacity to 40% of fire capacity at any…

Modoc County, Cal., Code of Ordinances chap. 8.90 (current through Sept. 17, 2020)

This law establishes a program which creates a process for small local agricultural producers to become an “approved source” (as provided in the California Retail Food Code) for local retail sales within the county of agriculturally produced commodities (limited to…

Monterey County., Cal., Ordinance 5217 (Jun. 11, 2013)

This ordinance amended Title 21 of the County Code (relating to non-coastal zoning) to allow cottage food operations as a permitted use on residential property for all zones. The revisions updated County zoning code to comply with state law requiring…

Monterey County., Cal., Ordinance 5236 (Apr. 8, 2014)

This ordinance amended the County’s Coastal Implementation Plan (formerly Title 20 of the Code) to allow cottage food operations as a permitted use of residential property in coastal zones. The revisions updated County zoning to comply with state law allowing…

Montgomery County, Md., Code of Ordinances § 15-15A (current through Oct. 2, 2019)

This policy is located in Montgomery County, Maryland Code of Ordinances, Part II – Local Laws, Resolutions, Ordinances, Etc., Chapter 15 – Eating and Drinking Establishments. History: 2009 L.M.C., ch. 29, §§ 1, 2; 2010 L.M.C., ch. 40, § 1.

Montgomery County, Md., Ord. No. 17-15 (June 26, 2012)

Uncodified version of ordinance amending the Montgomery County Zoning Ordinance to define the term “commercial kitchen” and to allow accessory commercial kitchens in some residential zones under certain circumstances.

Montgomery County, Virginia, Code § 10-41(19) (current through Oct. 17, 2017)

Supplemental district regulations for residential chicken keeping (which requires a zoning permit and must comply with other requirements in the code) and residential beekeeping (which also must be done in compliance with other parts of the code). Eggs, honey, etc….

Moorpark, California, Executive Order No. 2020-03 § 1 (Mar. 24, 2020)

This section suspends various noise restrictions for food establishments engaged in receiving, preparing, processing, selling, or delivering food, produce, and other groceries, including restrictions related to loading and unloading of boxes, containers and materials between the hours of 10:00 p.m….

Moscow, Idaho, Ord. no. 2013-15 (August 19, 2013)

This ordinance amends existing zoning laws to define accessory garden, community garden and market garden and allows for the same in all zoning districts. It also establishes use standards.

Moscow, Idaho, Public Health Emergency Order No. 20-01 § 4 (Mar. 20, 2020)

Section 4 of this order exempts “essential activities” from the stay-at-home restriction, which includes working at “essential businesses” including food banks, convenience stores, other establishments that sell canned food, dry goods, fresh fruits and vegetables, and organizations that provide food…

Moscow, Idaho, Public Health Emergency Order No. 20-01 §§ 2(C), 3(C) (Mar. 20, 2020)

This emergency order restricting food service operations provides that parking meter spaces in front of food and beverage service establishments “shall be reserved for the temporary use by individuals for curbside take-out.”

Mundelein, Illinois, Code § 20.48.030(HH) (current through Oct. 12, 2017)

Provides generic use standards for urban agricultural uses, which excludes animal husbandry, beekeeping and fish farms. Minimum lot size is one acre. Allows for use of season extension structures including greenhouses, hoophouses, cold frames, and shed; requires soil testing unless…

N.Y.C. Rules, ch. 42 (2017) (current through November 4, 2017)

Establishes licensing for “GreenThumb” (urban) gardens. Also establishes certain procedures with respect to the transfer of the lots upon which such gardens are located; and requires, with some exceptions, city-owned land under the jurisdiction of the Housing Preservation and Development…

Nantucket, Mass., Emergency Order No. 4 (Apr. 8, 2020)

This emergency order recognizes that fishing and shell fishing are essential services for the purposes of providing food and therefore extends all 2019-2020 recreational shell fishing licenses set to expire on March 31, 2020 until the state of emergency has…

Narberth, Pa., Ordinance 979 ( Mar. 20, 2015)

This law sets forth permitting requirements and process for farmers markets and associated regulatory requirements. It includes a requirement that farmers’ markets accept all forms of payment from people who participate in any kind of local, state, or federal nutrition…

Narragansett, R.I. Code of Ordinances §34-168 (current through Sept. 18, 2019)

The policy establishes kitchen facility standards for roominghouses that include minimum square footage, adequate cooking equipment, and that it is accessible without entering another occupant’s room.

Nashville, Tenn., Amended and Restated Order 3 from the Chief Medical Director Safer at Home Order, Sec. 6 (Apr. 1, 2020)

Section 6 requires essential services, including especially, “grocery stores” to “make best efforts to establish hours of operations during which their services are available only to senior citizens or otherwise vulnerable populations.”

National City, Cal., Code § 18.30.260 (current through July 19, 2017)

Establishes specific use restrictions for “neighborhood corner store;” includes language encouraging such stores to sell fresh produce and prohibits them from selling alcoholic beverages.

National City, Cal., Code § 18.50.010 (current through July 19, 2017)

Defines several urban agriculture related terms, including “community farm;” “neighborhood garden” and “urban agriculture.” Both community farms and neighborhood gardens allow produce to be grown for personal consumption, sale, or donation. “Urban agriculture” includes “the cultivation, processing, and distribution of…

National City, Cal., Code Sec. 18.30.240 (current through July 19, 2017)

Provides specific use regulations for urban agriculture activities focused on growing of edible produce and horticultural items. Allows occastional on-site sale activities of agricultural items, and includes community gardens, neighborhood gardens, rooftop gardens and community farms, and allows for season…

New Bedford, Mass., Code of Ordinances § 2-203 to -206 (current through Mar. 31, 2021)

This law establishes a department of community services, with a director whose duties include coordination and follow through on interdepartmental activities involving hunger and other community service issues.

New Haven, Conn., Code ¶¶ 411-413 (current through Aug. 30, 2017)

Sets standards for communal kitchens and communal dining spaces in rooming houses. Prohibits preparing and eating of meals in rooming houses except in communal kitchens or communal dining rooms.

New Port Richey, Fla., Code § 21.01.00 -.10 (current through Aug. 9, 2017)

These provision set standards for community gardens and expressly allows community gardens in all zoning districts, including as a principal use for vacant lots. They require community gardens to be registered annually. Community gardens may only grow plants or produce….

New Port Richey, Fla., Code, app. A, § 7.14.00 (current through Aug. 9, 2017)

This law designates permitted uses in the City’s Government District and allows urban agriculture in addition to municipal government buildings and facilities.

New Port Richey, Florida, Code Appendix A, Land Development Code, Sec. 7.25.00 (current through Aug. 9, 2017)

Establishes standards for urban agriculture, including operational requirements and application/registration requirements.

New Rochelle, N.Y., Code § 331-175 (current through Sept. 19, 2017)

Provides general regulation pertaining to six Downtown Overlay Zones. Features urban agriculture related uses as a permitted use in all districts. “Urban agriculture” includes growing of plants and crops, but not animal husbandry; also includes aquaculture and community gardens (which…

New York City Health Code § 81.50 (current through Feb. 17, 2018)

Establishes menu labeling and nutritional information disclosure requirements for chain restaurants with 15 or more locations nationwide. Note: the federal menu labeling law passed in 2010 may impact this law.

New York City, N.Y., 24 RCNY § 81.08 (current through Jan. 19, 2020)

This policies restricts the use and sale of prepared foods containing artificial trans fat by food service and processing establishments in the city. Establishments are required to maintain original labels or acceptable alternative documentation for all products that are or…

New York City, N.Y., 24 RCNY § 81.49 (current through Jan. 8, 2020)

This policy requires chain restaurants with 15 or more locations to provide high sodium content warning labels on menu boards for food items or combination meals containing “more than or equal to 2300 milligrams (mg) of sodium.”

New York City, N.Y., Admin. Code § 16-497 (current through Dec. 16, 2019)

This law directs city staff to create and maintain a web portal that allows food donors, such as restaurants and grocery stores, to post the availability of food that would otherwise go to waste. Food donation recipients are able to…

New York City, N.Y., Admin. Code §§ 20-845, 20-846 (current through May, 2020)

This codified law creates a fee limit for third-party food service deliveries during emergencies. Third-party food delivery services cannot charge a delivery fee greater than 15% of the purchase price of the order. A “Third-party delivery service” includes any services…

New York City, N.Y., Administrative Code § 17-199.11 (current through Mar. 31, 2020)

This policy establishes default beverage standards for children’s meals at food establishments to be water with no added artificial sweeteners, low-fat milk, or one-hundred percent juice.

New York City, N.Y., Health Code § 48.28 (current through Nov. 29, 2019)

This policy sets standards for beverages served to kids under 18 years old in day and overnight camps. Also includes restrictions on campers’ access to food and beverage vending machines.

New York City, N.Y., Health Code § 81.08 (current through August 4, 2019)

The law prohibits trans fat (storing, distributing, holding for service, or using in preparation of any menu item) in any food service establishment or mobile food unit commissary. It also generally requires food service establishments and mobile food unit commissaries…

New York City, N.Y., Zoning Resolution, Art. VI, Ch. 3 (current through Oct. 4, 2018)

This policy promotes the establishment and expansion of neighborhood grocery stores with at least 6,000 square feet of retail space dedicated to staple grocery products in underserved communities by providing zoning and financial incentives to eligible store operators and developers,…

New York, N.Y., 24 RCNY § 48.28 (current through Jan. 8, 2020)

This policy prohibits children’s camps from allowing sugary drinks, beverages with additives (including artificial sweeteners and caffeine), milk that is sweetened, or more than one portion of juice daily. The policy also requires potable water to be easily accessible to…

New York, N.Y., Admin. Code § 17-323.1 (current through Dec. 16, 2019)

This provision requires any city agency that seizes food determined to meet city sanitary requirements by a Department of Health and Mental Hygiene employee, who is present when the food is seized, to notify at least one food rescue organization…

New York, N.Y., Admin. Code § 3-151 (current through Feb. 13, 2018)

This law directs the mayor’s office to issue a report regarding services provided to or used by public housing residents. The reporting requirements cover numerous categories of information. A key relevant portion (at § 3-151 (3.)) addresses SNAP usage.

New York, N.Y., Admin. Code Sec. 3-120 (current through Oct. 8, 2017)

Requires the New York City Office of Long-Term Planning and Sustainability to produce an annual report regarding the production, processing, distribution and consumption of food in and for the city. These reports were required to include data on school food…

New York, N.Y., Administrative Code Sec. 6-130 (current through Oct. 8, 2017)

The resolution encourages purchases of fresh fruits, vegetables and field crops grown in the state, and foods that have been processed in the state, in the city’s food procurement processes. Requires chief procurement officer to develop and post guidelines to…

New York, N.Y., Emergency Exec. Order No. 100 § 17.1 (Mar. 16, 2020)

Section 17 directs that all older adult congregate centers operating within the City shall be closed and all programs suspended for the duration of the state of emergency now in effect, except to the extent necessary to prepare and distribute…

New York, N.Y., Local Law No. 40 (adopted Mar. 13, 2020 per NYC charter § 37(b)) (current through September 30, 2021)

This 2020 amendment to the New York City Charter requires the office of food policy to formulate a comprehensive 10-year food plan within 180 days after the effective date of the amendment. It requires the office of food policy to…

New York, N.Y., Local Law No. 48 (Aug. 17, 2011)

This amendment require[s] the New York City Department of Citywide Administrative Services to create and maintain a list of property owned or leased by the city that includes an assessment of the land, including whether the land is potentially suitable…

Newberry, Florida, Code, app. B, art. 4, § 4.2.38 (current through Sept. 7, 2017)

Provides supplementary regulations to allow for urban agriculture uses in residential areas; specifically for keeping of chickens, ducks, pigeons, and pheasants (up to 4 birds) on residential zoned parcels of 10,000 or more square feet; and community gardens for growing…

Newberry, Florida, Code, app. B, art. 4, § 4.6.4 (current through Sept. 7, 2017)

Prohibits the keeping of horses, cows, swine, sheep, goats, or poultry in Residential, Mixed Single Family/Mobile Home Districts, except under the conditions of § 4.2.38, relating to supplementary regulations allowing certain urban agriculture uses.

North Bend, Wash., § 8.42.030 (current through June 18, 2019)

This policy precludes retailers from collecting a fee for a paper carryout bag(s) from a person on any type of food assistance program.

North Las Vegas, Nev., Code § 17.24.140 (current through April 26, 2018)

This section promotes sustainable development within the City by providing a menu of sustainability options to be applied. The menu includes, among other things, encouraging local production of food and promoting walkability and active transportation in urban design. It expressly…

North Lauderdale, Fla., Code § 78-113 (current through May 23, 2016)

This provision directs the community sustainability board to facilitate the development and maintenance of a community garden program. It is part of a larger section that establishes the community sustainability board and charges it with supporting local businesses.

North Slope Borough, Alaska, Code of Ordinances § 3.50.060 (A)(2)

This law allows for homestead tax relief in the form of grants to discharge accrued penalty and interest. To be eligible, applicants for the grants must show that the payment of accrued homestead tax penalty and interest would “impose severe…

Northfield, Minn., City Council Res. 2020-070 (Aug. 18, 2020)

The City Council authorized $145,000 of CARES (Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security) Act funding for the Community Action Center of Northfield to use for “public health measures related to expenses for food delivery to residents,” including senior citizens and…

Norwich, Conn., Code of Ordinances § 4-152 (current through June 21, 2018)

This law creates standards for communal kitchens. The requirements include a kitchen sink with hot water, stove with at least two burners and an oven, a refrigerator with adequate storage, adequate food preparation area, and adequate garbage and recycling facilities.

Oakland Cal., Code of Ordinances § 2.29.170 (current through Oct. 9, 2019)

This law establishes a “Race and Equity Department” to intentionally integrate, on a citywide basis, the principle of “fair and just” in all the city does in order to achieve equitable opportunities for all people and communities. It specifically identifies…

Oakland, Cal., Code § 4.52 (current through July 17, 2017)

Establishes a one-cent per ounce excise tax on sugar-sweetened beverages, to be paid by distributors. Tax revenue is to be deposited in the general fund. Also establishes a Community Advisory Board to advise the City Council on whether to establish…

Oakland, Cal., Municipal Code § 2.29.170.2(B)(7) (current through Dec. 6, 2019)

The policy creates a Department of Race and Equity that uses access to an affordable, healthy, and culturally appropriate food system as a determinant of equity, among others.

Odessa, Tex., Mayoral Limited Shelter in Place Order Due to Public Health Emergency §§ 15-16 (Mar. 30, 2020)

Section 16 of this shelter in place order classifies certain businesses including food banks and businesses that provide food and other necessities of life “for economically disadvantaged or otherwise needy individuals;” and food cultivation, including farming, livestock, and fishing as…

Oklahoma City, Okla., Revised Proclamation of State of Emergency 3-4 (Mar. 25, 2020)

This proclamation specifically excludes persons gathering at food banks from order prohibiting organized and social gatherings of 10 or more people.

Olmsted Cnty., Minn., Resolution No. 20-229, CARES Fund Report (Dec. 3, 2020)

This resolution approves a CARES act funding report for a variety of organizations, some of which allocate funds for food access, including; $199,957 for Channel One Food Backpack program; $45,342 for Family Services Rochester Fresh Food Delivery (Food for Seniors);…

Orange County, Fl., Consent Item 20-1122 (Aug. 11, 2020)

This Board Action approves and executes an agreement between the County and the School Board in which the County will pay the Board to furnish meals to eleven Head Start Centers for a year (Oct. 1, 2020 – Sept. 30,…

Orlando, Fla., Code of Ordinances § 36.35(190) (current through Feb. 14, 2020)

The policy exempts operators selling their own self grown Florida produce from the local business tax.

Ottumwa, Iowa Code of Ordinances § 20-7(9) (current through Aug. 23, 2019)

The policy establishes standards for communal kitchens located in rental housing. Standards include minimum floor area, minimum food preparation area, requirements of a refrigerator, kitchen sink, stove, and adequate cabinet space. Communal kitchens must be accessible to all occupants without…

Oxnard, Cal., Director Order No. 20-02 § (B)(C) (Mar. 19, 2020)

Suspends restrictions on hours of delivery otherwise imposed on establishments that provide food and other essential products.

Palo Alto, Cal., Code of Ordinances § 12.32.010(e) (current through Aug. 5, 2019)

This policy limits the times of day that potable water is allowed to be used for watering ornamental landscapes or turf (unless done by hand), and specifically exempts edible gardens or landscapes from this watering restriction.

Palo Alto, Cal., Code of Ordinances § 18.40.130(e)(6)(1) (current through Aug. 5, 2019)

This code encourages the use of sustainable agricultural landscaping, including rooftop and edible gardens, for multi-family, commercial, and industrial developments.

Passaic, N.J., Code, ch. 149, art. XIII (current through June 27, 2017)

This article provides rules, regulations and standards for operation of farmers’ markets with the aim of “encouraging the consumption of locally grown and unprepared fruits, vegetables, and herbs by certified farmers and healthy foods to nutritionally at-risk residents, including pregnant,…

Passaic, N.J., Code, ch. 162 (current through Jan. 11, 2018)

Requires all grocery stores licensed under the chapter to meet minimum stocking levels for a specified list of staple foods, including milk; cheese; eggs; proteins; fruits and vegetables; juices; whole grain cereals; whole grains; canned beans; and dried peas, beans,…

Philadelphia, Pa., Code §§ 9-1103 (1)(m) (current through Feb. 13, 2018)

Establishes that failing to reasonably accommodate an employee’s need to express breastmilk (no limit based on child’s age) is an unlawful employment practice. Also sets forth requirements for breaks and conditions of the space necessary to accommodate breast milk expression.

Philadelphia, Pa., Code tit 6, ch. 6-300, § 6-308 (Aug. 17, 2017)

Requires disclosure of nutritional information by chain restaurants; provides standards for what information must be disclosed and how; specifies exceptions; and has standards for how nutrition analysis should be done.

Philadelphia, Pa., Code, § 14-603(7) (current through May 7, 2019)

This law relaxes zoning height, floor area, lot coverage and parking requirements for fresh food markets that meet certain accessibility requirements for entrance door placement and have at least 1,200 sq ft. of gross floor dedicated to fresh food market…

Philadelphia, Penn., Code § 6-307 (current through August 2, 2019)

Food containing more than 0.5 grams of artificial trans fat per serving shall not be served, stored, or distributed in food service establishments with the exception of bakery products in establishments that have less than three stores in Philadelphia. Food…

Philadelphia, Penn., Code § 19-1603 (current through Oct. 10, 2017)

Provides for a discount in water rates for community gardens, and includes a definition of community gardens.

Philadelphia, Penn., Code § 19-2604(16) (current Oct. 10, 2017)

Provides tax credit of up to $2,000 per year for merchants who purchase healthy beverages to sell in their stores.

Philadelphia, Penn., Code § 9-1106(1)(a) (current through Feb. 13, 2018)

Establishes that segregating a breastfeeding mother or prohibiting her from being in any public accommodation she otherwise authorized to be is an unlawful public accommodations practice.

Philadelphia, Penn., Code of Ordinances § 19-2604(6) (current through Oct. 29, 2019)

This provision establishes a business tax credit of $100,000 per year against business income and receipts tax liability for each year a business contributes $100,000 in cash to qualifying organization (qualifying community development corporations, qualifying nonprofit organization engaged in developing…

Philadelphia, Penn., Code tit Chapter 19-4100 (current through Nov. 7, 2017)

Establishes an excise tax of $0.015 per fluid ounce on distributors of beverages sweetened with both caloric and non-caloric sweeteners.

Philadelphia, Penn., Home Rule Charter art. IV, ch. 17 (current through Oct. 29, 2019)

This law establishes the Philadelphia Office of Sustainability and indicates sustainability plans for the City may include goals related to access to healthy and local food.

Philadelphia, Penn., Policies for the Sale and Reuse of City Owned Property (April 20, 2012)

These policies allow for special types of city land use agreements, including those linked to community gardens. Policies allow for one year licenses for individual gardens, and licenses of up to 5 years for community gardens (which must be used…

Phoenix, Ariz., Phoenix City Code § 14-462 (current through Nov. 6, 2019 legislation)

This policy provides a sales tax exemption for food purchased with food stamps provided through the Food Stamp Program.

Pittsburgh, Pa., Code of Ordinances § 719.05B (current through Sept. 19, 2019)

This policy relates to licensing and regulation of street vendors and peddlers, and encourages licensed vendors to offer healthy food choices.

Pittsburgh, Pa., Code of Ordinances ch. 454 (current through Aug. 29, 2019)

This policy creates an adopt-a-lot program that allows the City to annually lease vacant lots for uses that include edible, rain, and/or flower gardens. Sales of unprocessed edibles or flowers grown on site under $10,000 annually are permitted under a…

Pittsburgh, Pa., Res. No. 2020-0298 (May 5, 2020)

This resolution recognizes that urban farming will help “Pittsburgh neighborhoods to recover from the global COVID-19 pandemic and insulate communities against the impacts of future crises.” It therefore authorizes and directs the Directors of the Departments of Finance and City…

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Zoning Code § 912.07 (current through Sept. 21, 2017)

Provides use regulations for urban agriculture accessory uses with and without animals.

Plano, Tex., Code 9-21(b)(5) (current through July 20, 2017)

Sets health and safety standards for food donation. Allows donation to a food salvager.

Portland, Me., Order 153-19/20: Order Renewing and Amending the Proclamation Declaring Continued State of Emergency and Requirement to Stay at Home, Exhibit A §§ 2, 4, 7(Mar. 30, 2020)

Exhibit A of this order defines e.g., “food banks” (§ 2) and “businesses and organizations that provide food, shelter, medical and social services, and other necessities of life for economically disadvantaged or otherwise needy or homeless individuals, and any associated…

Portland, Me., Order 153-19/20: Order Renewing and Amending the Proclamation Declaring Continued State of Emergency and Requirement to Stay at Home, Exhibit A §§ 3, 7 (Mar. 30, 2020)

Exhibit A of the Executive Order defines “food cultivation and processing, including farming, livestock, and fishing” as essential services (§ 3). Such services are allowed to and strongly encouraged to remain open and people may leave the house to visit…

Poughkeepsie, N.Y., Code § 19-3.25(5)(g) (current through May 16, 2016)

Sets standards for agriculture uses in the Walkway-Gateway District (which are a special use in some subdistricts and not allowed in others; except that rooftop gardens are a permitted use in all subdistricts). Agriculture uses include: keeping of bees (up…

Prince George’s Cnty., Md., Code of Ordinances § 21-142(i) (current through Sept. 26, 2019)

This provision directs the Director of the Department of the Environment to establish a food composting pilot program and to evaluate the program for county-wide expansion.

Prince George’s County, Maryland, Code of Ordinances § 12-110(c) (current through Jan. 6, 2020)

This law waives food service permit fees for Prince George’s County Board of Education, Blind Industires and Service of Maryland, and the Capital Area Community Food bank.

Prince George’s County, Md., Code § 5-2801 et seq. (current through Jan. 30, 2018)

Provides a regulatory framework for the licensing of mobile food units (called Special Food Service Facility – Mobile Unit) that only sell food at Food Truck Hubs (as defined at §5-189.1(a) in the Prince George’s County Code) or at special…

Prince George’s County, Md., Code §§ 12-116 – 121 (current through Nov. 1, 2017)

This law sets up a program called “SNAP to Health,” to provide technical assistance to a) help farmer’s markets acquire technology necessary to accept and process benefits under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP); and b) train managers at farmer’s…

Prince George’s County, Md., Code Div. 11 (current through Dec. 16, 2019)

Sets standards for healthy food and beverage choices in vending machines on county property.

Prince George’s County, Md., Code of Ordinances § 10-235.26 (current through Nov. 1, 2021)

Provided certain conditions are met, this law provides a ten year, eighty percent (80%) annual tax credit against county personal property taxes for a newly constructed or substantially renovated grocery store located in a healthy food priority area. For purposes…

Prince George’s County, Md., Code of Ordinances §§ 12-215 to -218 (current through Nov. 2, 2021)

This law requires food service facilities in the county that offer “children’s meals” to offer with those meals a healthy default side option and–where a beverage is included as part of the meal–a healthy default beverage. They must also offer…

Prince George’s County, Md., Code Subtitle 10, div. 23 (current through Aug. 2, 2017)

Establishes tax credit for grocery stores in underserved areas, including criteria to get the tax credit, which reduces property tax by 75%; limits it to 10 years; provides for earlier termination if store ceases to operate.

Prince George’s Cnty., Md., Code §§ 10-235.22 -.25 (current through Sept. 25, 2017)

This law establishes a property tax credit of up to $5,000 against the County portion of property tax on certain urban agricultural properties. Among other things, qualification criteria include property size requirements (at least one-eighth of an acre and not…

Pueblo, Colo., Code § 17-4-13 (current through Nov. 10, 2017)

Establishes performance standards pertaining to community gardens, addressing operation plan development, hours of operation, composting, and on site sales. Clarifies zoning requirements applicable to community gardens and provides for their expansion, permitting, and maintenance, and provides protection for neighboring land…

Purcellville, Va., Charter and Code of Ordinances § 82-238 at Table II (current through Oct. 11, 2021)

This table establishes various water restrictions applicable to various drought response levels and specifically allows for watering of vegetable gardens when the highest level of restrictions (“emergency mandatory water restrictions”) are in place.

Purcellville, Va., Code § 6-8(b)(1) (current through Aug. 5, 2016)

Allows the town council to donate some of its annual funds to certain efforts; events that promote “food assistance” are one of the approved categories for donation.

Racine, Wis., Code of Ordinances §§ 22-1258 to -1263. (current through Oct. 29, 2019)

This law sets standards for produce cart permitting and operation on vacant city-owned lots to increase community access to fresh produce.

Raleigh, N.C., Emergency Proclamation § 1 (June 17, 2020)

This emergency proclamation requires individuals to wear a clean facial covering in public or private spaces within the city when it is not possible to maintain social distancing with people who are non-household members, including in a grocery store. Exceptions…

Ranson, W. Va. Code § 14-40 (current through March 28, 2019)

This law makes it a misdemeanor for someone to enter an orchard, field, garden, or market garden without consent of the owner or occupier, and take away, damage, or injure the produce, grass, etc.

Rawlins, Wyo., Res. No. 03D-2020 (Mar. 20, 2020)

This resolution contains orders for certain business closures including places of public accommodation offering food or beverage for on-premises consumption, but specifically exempts, e.g., food pantries (where food and beverage is not consumed on premises) (item 3.a.); health care, residential…

Reno County, Kan., Emergency Order #20-02 Of the Reno County Local Health Officer §§ 1(C), 1(F) (Mar. 27, 2020)

Section (1)(C)(ii) defines “essential activities” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., activities to obtain or deliver fresh fruits and vegetables, and fresh meats, fish and poultry. Section 1(F) defines “essential businesses” that may…

Reno County, Kan., Emergency Order #20-02 Of the Reno County Local Health Officer §§ 1(F), 2(iii) (Mar. 27, 2020)

Section 1 defines “essential businesses” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., food banks (§1(F)(ii)); businesses that offer food and “other necessities of life” for “economically disadvantaged or otherwise needy individuals (§ 1(F)(v)); and…

Richland County, S.C., Ordinance No. 17-20HR §§ 1-4 (July 6, 2020)

This ordinance requires all individuals over the age of 10 entering commercial establishments, including grocery stores, to wear a face covering and requires these same stores to post signage regarding the face covering requirement (§§ 1, 4). The ordinance also…

Richmond, Va., Code §§ 8-394 to 8-401 (current through Oct. 24, 2017)

These sections require appointment of a “Community Garden Coordinator” and set forth qualifications for and duties of that position. They also provide regulations regarding operation of and the permitting process for use of city property for community gardens. Defines community…

Ridgefield, Wash., Code § 18.240.090 (E)(3) (current through Apr. 12, 2019)

This provision sets landscaping requirements for the jurisdiction’s “Employment Districts,” but allows developers to offset those requirements by including on-site recreation facilities, including e.g., community gardens.

Ridgefield, Wash., Code tit 8, ch. 8.32 (Aug. 23, 2017)

Sets requirements for application and use of community kitchen in Abrams Park. Specifically states that “The city shall not be liable for injuries or loss of property or vandalism resulting from the use of the premises or the adjacent parking…

Riverdale, Ga., Ordinance No. 3-2020 § 8(b)(ii)-(iii) (Mar. 30, 2020)

Section 8(b) of this stay-at-home order defines “Essential businesses” that are allowed to continue operations includes, e.g., businesses engaged in selling fresh fruits, vegetables, meats, fish, and poultry, certified farmers markets, farm and produce stands (ii) and food cultivation, including…

Riverdale, Ga., Ordinance No. 3-2020 § 8(b)(iv),(xii) (Mar. 30, 2020)

Section 8(b) of this stay-at-home order defines “essential businesses” that are allowed to continue operations includes, e.g., business that provide food for economically disadvantaged or otherwise needy individuals (iv) and schools that provide free food services to students or members…

Robertson County, Tenn., Declaration of Public Health Emergency by Robertson County Mayor (July 7, 2020)

This public health emergency declaration requires individuals to wear face coverings within publicly accessible areas of commercial business establishments, including grocery stores, and requires establishments to post signage and enforce the requirement. Children under 12 and individuals with medical conditions…

Rockland County, N.Y., Code §§ 267-17 – 267-25 (current through Sept. 5, 2017)

This law prohibits the use of artificial trans fat in any food item prepared or served at a food establishment within the County of Rockland in order to reduce the risks of coronary heart disease. It exempts food served directly…

Rockwall, Tex., Land Development Code Art. IV, § 2.1.1 (current through October 20, 2017)

This provision sets use standards for rural and animal-related uses throughout the City’s zoning districts. Specific definitions and regulations relate to urban agriculture including community gardens and urban farms. Community gardens are allowed by right in the City’s “Agricultural District”…

Roseburg, Or., Code, app. A, § 6.2.020 (current through September 26, 2017)

This section allows for regulatory flexibility with respect to standards for certain planned unit developments (PUDs) in exchange for development amenities and/or mitigation of potential adverse impacts on significant landscape features, neighboring properties and uses, including e.g., “urban agriculture/silviculture production.”

Royal Oak, Mich., Code ch. 441 (July 10, 2017)

Establishes a Public Market for the purpose of providing a place where farmers can sell their own farm products.

S.F. City & Cty., Cal., Ordinance No. 29-07 (Feb. 16, 2007)

Includes requirements for farmers markets, including that they accept nutritional assistance programs; and requirement that Agriculture Commission conduct annual needs assessments for good locations for new markets without impacting locally owned businesses and emphasis on underserved neighborhoods; creates guidelines for…

S.F., Cal., Admin. Code ch. 4, 4.9-1 (current through May 4, 2018)

This law provides mandatory nutritional standards and calorie labeling requirements for food and beverages sold in vending machines on city/county property; provides nutritional guidelines for food and beverages purchased by the city/county for meetings and events (which must be followed…

S.F., Cal., Planning Code art. 2, 202.2(c)(2) (current through Oct. 5, 2017)

Sets forth allowed and prohibited activities for “Neighborhood Agriculture” uses; allows on-site sales and food donation in all districts of items grown on-site, but not “within a Dwelling Unit.” Sales of value-added products where the primary ingredient was grown on-site…

Sacramento, Cal., Code ch. 17.722. (current through Nov. 2019)

This law promotes urban agricultural use of otherwise vacant, unimproved, and blighted parcels by providing a tax-incentive for properties that produce food and agricultural products if the property owner agrees to keep the property in active agricultural use for a…

Salem, Massachusetts, Zoning Code, § 3.2.7 (current through Aug. 18, 2017).

Identifies urban agriculture as an accessory use, focusing on chicken keeping, and sets standards for keeping of chickens.

Salem, Virginia, Code § 106-318 (current through May 31, 2017)

Regulates the keeping of chickens in residential areas through a permitting process.

Saline County, Kan., Safer at Home Order §§ 1(b)(ii); 1(f) (Mar. 27, 2020)

Section (1)(b)(ii) defines “essential activities” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., activities to obtain or deliver fresh fruits and vegetables, and fresh meats, fish and poultry. Section 1(f) defines “essential businesses” that may…

Saline County, Kan., Safer at Home Order §§ 1(f)(i); (iv); (xv); 2(c) (Mar. 27, 2020)

Section 1 defines “essential businesses” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., food banks (§1(f)(i)); businesses that offer food and “other necessities of life” for “economically disadvantaged or otherwise needy individuals (§ 1(f)(iv)); and…

San Antonio, Tex., Emergency Order #5: Declaration of Public Health Emergency Regarding Covid-19 Exhib. 1 §2(b)(vii) (Mar. 23, 2020)

Section 2(b)(vii) defines “Exempted Businesses” that may continue operating amid other ordered business closures to include e.g., “farmers’ markets.”

San Antonio, Tex., Emergency Order #5: Declaration of Public Health Emergency Regarding Covid-19 Exhib. 1 §2(b)(viii) (Mar. 23, 2020)

These sections define “Exempted Businesses” that may continue operating amid other ordered business closures to include e.g., “schools and other entities that typically provide free services to students or members of the public” (provided they do so on a pick-up/takeaway…

San Carlos, Cal., Municipal Code § 18.23.220(E) (current through Nov. 12, 2019)

This law requires cooking facilities in single room occupancy hotels and establishes standards for such facilities. The cooking facilities must be “either in individual units or in a community kitchen.”

San Francisco City & Cty., Cal., Ord. No. 100-9-09 (June 23, 2009)

The law requires all residents sort their refuse and separate out waste that is recyclable or compostible. It also requires owners and managers of multi-family housing, food vendors, event operators to provide for appropriate waste/recycling/composting collection containers.

San Francisco, Cal, Code § 471 (current through Sep. 11, 2019)

San Francisco’s Healthy Food Incentive Ordinance allows incentive items (such as a toy) to be given away with the purchase of a meal, food, or beverage only if the meal/food/beverage meets specific nutrition standards.

San Francisco, Cal., Admin. Code § 3.19 (d) (3) (current through Oct. 5, 2017)

Exempts community gardens projects and other specified park and landscape renovation projects from a requirement to appropriate funds for art enrichment of public buildings, structures, parks and transportation projects that are publicly-financed.

San Francisco, Cal., Admin. Code ch. 101 (current through Oct. 5, 2017)

Restricts the use of city funds to buy sugar-sweetened beverages in any form, except as specifically exempted; also does not allow sugar-sweetened beverages to be sold, provided or distributed under a city contract or grant.

San Francisco, Cal., Admin. Code, ch. 5, Art. XXXIII (current through Oct. 18, 2019)

This policy sets up an advisory committee to evaluate and make recommendations to the Mayor and Board of Supervisors on the effectiveness of the City’s sugary beverage tax.

San Francisco, Cal., Administrative Code Sections 59.1 through 59.9 (current through Sept. 15, 2017)

San Francisco established the Healthy Food Retailer Incentives Program to develop an incentive program for small food stores in underserved areas to sell healthy food, through technical assistance which could include training, assistance with permits and licenses, store redesign assistance,…

San Francisco, Cal., Business & Tax Regulations Code art. 8 (current through Oct. 5, 2017)

Establishes an excise tax of $0.01 per fluid ounce on distributors of sugar-sweetened beverages in San Francisco. Tax revenue is to be deposited in the general fund.

San Francisco, Cal., Charter Sec. 16-107 (Nov. 2016)

This section created the Park, Recreation and Open Space Fund, which is funded through a set aside from the annual tax levy, to be used to support various open-space activities (including community gardens).

San Francisco, Cal., Health Code art. 37 (current through June 28, 2019)

This ordinance authorizes and directs the Department of Health to develop and implement a Trans Fat Free Restaurant Program. Qualifying restaurants receive an official decal and are listed on the Department’s website as trans fat free for a $250 annual…

San Francisco, Cal., Health Code art. 42 (current through July 27, 2017)

Requires sugary beverages advertisements to display a warning about their health effects. Exempts ads in magazines and other publications; on TV and other electronic media; on menus; on distributors’ trucks; SSB containers, and a few other types of ads.

San Francisco, Cal., Ninth Supplement to Mayoral Proclamation Declaring the Existence of a Local Emergency § 1 (Apr. 10, 2020)

Section 1 prohibits third-party food delivery services to charge “covered establishments” a delivery fee greater than 15% of the purchase price of the online order. “Covered establishments” includes restaurants that offer delivery of food to customers. This order is in…

San Francisco, Cal., Ninth Supplement to Mayoral Proclamation Declaring the Existence of a Local Emergency § 2 (Apr. 10, 2020)

Section 2 of this order authorizes the City Controller to accept and expend private donations from individuals and entities to support the City’s COVID-19 emergency response, including providing food and other assistance to impacted individuals and families. It further suspends…

San Francisco, Cal., Ord. No. 184-14 (Aug. 7, 2014)

This is an uncodified ordinance; it authorizes local governments to enter into enforceable contracts with owners of private property for the purpose of promoting the use of vacant, unimproved, or blighted lands for small-scale agricultural use and to promote sustainable…

San Francisco, Cal., Ordinance No. 297-10 (Dec. 3, 2010)

This uncodified ordinance amends the city’s planning code to expand opportunities for mobile food vendors by clarifying that they do not have to operate only in enclosed facilities and to clarify that they are to be treated differently from bricks…

San Francisco, Cal., Ordinance No. 301-10 (Nov. 23, 2010)

This uncodified law amended the city’s administrative code to support water conservation in irrigating landscapes. Includes exemptions for landscape areas with edible plants–that point is most relevant to this project.

San Francisco, Cal., Ordinance, No. 66-11 (April 20, 2011)

This uncodified ordinance amended multiple sections of San Francisco’s planning code to both define and regulate urban agriculture in the city, including allowing for urban agriculture activities in various zones, and allowing for both neighborhood and large scale agriculture. Neighborhood…

San Francisco, Cal., Res. No. 447-13 (Dec. 19, 2013)

The City and County of San Francisco Board of Supervisors adopted a food security resolution aimed at abolishing hunger by 2020. The resolution committed the city to work collaboratively with the private sector and with federal nutrition programs on a…

San Francisco, Cal., Resolution No. 280-10 (2012); Ground Lease – Retention and Expansion of the San Francisco Wholesale Produce Market (July 24, 2012)

The resolution approved and authorized a 60 year lease to the San Francisco Market Corporation to continue to operate San Francisco’s municipal market, called the San Francisco Wholesale Produce Market. The resolution notes, among other things, that the market’s operation…

San Jose, Cal., Code ch. 20.80, pt. 3.5 (current through Oct. 11, 2017)

This law sets permitting, siting and operation requirements for certified farmers’ markets, including separate provisions for small certified farmers’ markets (which are 15 or fewer vendors and meet other restrictions). Small certified farmers’ markets do not need to obtain a…

San Jose, Cal., Code of Ordinances § 20.200.798 (current through July 23, 2019)

This section defines “Neighborhood Agriculture” for purposes of the city’s zoning code and expressly allows for the same as a “principal or an accessory use” It further specifies that “value-added products, where the primary ingredients of the product are grown…

San Jose, California, Code ch. 4.88 (current through Oct. 11, 2017)

Establishes the Urban Agriculture Incentive Zone and allows the city and owners of vacant, unimproved, or blighted property parcels of not more than one acre in size within the urban agriculture incentive zone to enter into an enforceable contract with…

Santa Clara Cnty., Cal., Code § 4.10.025 (Oct. 2. 2017)

This law establishes standards for urban agriculture and specifically addresses season extension structures, fences, on-site sales, composting/refuse storage, signs, and pesticides.

Santa Clara County, Cal., Code of Ordinances Ch. XXII (current through Dec. 11, 2019)

This policy requires restaurants to only offer healthy beverages in children’s meals and to only provide incentive items with children’s meals if the food and beverages meet certain nutritional standards.

Santa Clara County, Cal., Code Sec. A18-350 et seq. (current through Oct. 2, 2017)

Requires children’s meals accompanied by toys or other incentive items to meet specific nutritional standards. Fines, charges, and penalties collected for violations that are not used to cover enforcement costs are to deposited in a separate fund to fund for…

Santa Clara County, California, Code § C 21.01 et seq. (current through Oct. 2, 2017)

Implements Urban Agriculture Incentive Zone Program, which allows landowners in urban areas to receive property tax reduction for putting land towards an agricultural use. Applies to lots up to 3 acres in size, and can be for commercial or noncommercial…

Seattle, WA Ordinance No. 125324

Establishes an excise tax of $0.0175 per fluid ounce on distributors of sugar-sweetened beverages.

Seattle, Wash. Ord. No. 122749 (July 31, 2008)

The ordinance created a ballot measure to be voted on in the next general election about whether the city should lift the limit on property taxes that could be levied to collect funds to support Seattle Parks and Green Spaces…

Seattle, Wash., Code § 3.35.060-.080 (current through Mar. 29, 2019)

These provisions relate to the administration of the City’s P-Patch community garden program. The set out the Director of Neighborhood’s duties with respect to administering the program and to lease or obtain access to land for use as “P-Patch community…

Seattle, Wash., Code § 5.40.056 (current through Oct. 25, 2017)

Allows for tax exemption on the difference between discounted admission rates and regular rates for events, etc., if the discount is applied for one of several specified reasons, including donations of food to bona fide charities, etc.

Seattle, Wash., Code of Ordinances, ch. 5.53 (current through Oct. 14, 2019)

This policy establishes an excise tax of $0.0175 per fluid ounce on most distributors of sweetened beverages and directs some of the revenues to programs that expand access to healthy and affordable food, close the food security gap, and/or promote…

Seattle, Wash., Ord. No. 123090 (filed Sept. 24, 2009)

The uncodified ordinance made permanent a pilot farmers’ markets program and streamlined the permit process for farmers’ markets. Also includes a fee schedule for various permits.

Seattle, Wash., Ord. No. 126062 §§ 2-3 (Apr. 1, 2020)

Sections 2 and 3 of this ordinance establish a COVID-19 Donation Fund into which donations, gifts and grants to the city may be deposited. The purpose of the fund is to address the impacts of the Covid-19 emergency by providing…

Seattle, Wash., Ord. No. 126063 (Apr. 1, 2020)

This ordinances amends the City’s 2020 Budget by allocating $5 million in Sweetened Beverage Tax (SBT) funds to the Office of Sustainability and Environment (OSE). An accompanying staff memorandum explains that the purpose is to “create a new $5 million…

Seattle, Wash., Ordinance 123703 (signed by mayor Sep. 13, 2011)

Allows city employees who qualify under federal law for unpaid breaks to express breast milk to take these breaks without having to take leave or a pay deduction, so long as the breaks are of reasonable length and frequency.

Sedgwick County, Kan., Emergency Order of Local Health Officer §§ 1(b)(ii); 1(e) (Mar. 24, 2020)

Section 1(b)(ii) defines “essential activities” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., activities to obtain or deliver fresh fruits and vegetables, and fresh meats, fish and poultry. Section 1(e) defines “essential businesses” that may…

Severance, Colo., Code § 16.12.130 (current through Mar. 5, 2019)

This provision requires neighborhood parks to be included in residential developments within walking distance (1/3 of a mile) of residences (with exceptions) and includes specifications for the same, including a requirement that such parks must include opportunities for active or…

Severance, Colo., Municipal Code, Ordinance No. 2020-05 § 6(d) (Mar. 24, 2020)

Section 6(d) of this ordinance gives the Town Administrator in conjunction with the Mayor, full power and authority to issue orders controlling, restricting, allocating or regulating the use, sale, production ordistribution of food, water and other commodities, materials, goods, services…

Shawnee County, Kan., Emergency Order of Local Health Officer §§ 1(b)(ii); 1(e) (Mar. 24, 2020)

Section 1(b)(ii) defines “essential activities” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., activities to obtain or deliver fresh fruits and vegetables, and fresh meats, fish and poultry. Section 1(e) defines “essential businesses” that may…

Shawnee County, Kan., Emergency Order of Local Health Officer §§ 1(e)(ii); (v); (xiv); 2(iii) (Mar. 24, 2020)

Section 1 defines “essential businesses” that may continue during the County’s stay at home order to include e.g., food banks (§1(e)(ii)); businesses that offer food and “other necessities of life” for “economically disadvantaged or otherwise needy individuals (§ 1(e)(v)); and…

Silver City, N.M., Code § 3.3.1(M) (current through Nov. 9 2016)

This provision sets standards for farmers’ markets, and encourages all farmers’ markets and their vendors” to “work to accept forms of payment by participants of federal, state, or local food assistance programs, including but not limited to the Supplemental Nutrition…

Silverthorne, Colo., Code §§ 1-10-89(a)(23), (24) (current through March 22, 2017)

These provisions exempt from sales tax certain purchases of food or meals purchased with federal food stamps or with funds provided by the special supplemental food program for women, infants and children (WIC) at food stores or stores with food…

Somerville, Mass., Code ch. 8, art. XV, § 8-367 (Aug. 16, 2017)

Law includes standards for receiving a mobile food vendor license, conditions of operation; also encourages offering of some healthy options and use of compostable materials and energy-efficient resources

Sonoma County, Cal., Code § 26-88-215 (current through Jan. 30, 2018)

Allows and establishes standards for farm retail sales. Provides zoning permit requirements relating to minimum/maximum parcel size, building permits, onsite/incidental sales, hours of operation, food safety, etc. Allows sampling of fresh produce and prepackaged processed foods grown on site (in…

South El Monte, Cal., Code of Ordinances § 5.08.050(C) (current through Oct. 14, 2019)

This policy requires licensed vendors within 500 feet of a school (K-12) to only sell healthy food during school hours.

South Gate, Cal., Municipal Code § 11.40.190(B) (current through Mar. 26, 2019)

This provision provides that “a full community kitchen” be part of each single-room-occupancy apartment building.

Southampton Township, Franklin County, Pa., Code of Ordinances § 39-317 (current through Nov. 2, 2021)

This section supports farmers’ ability to supplement farm income and accommodates local food and agritourism by allowing “agricultural marketing” enterprises as an accessory use in every zoning district and “agritourism” enterprises in the “Agricultural/Woodland Conservation District,” so long as they…

Spalding County, Ga., Zoning Ordinance, app. A, art. 7 § 704 (current through Aug. 26, 2019)

This provision regulates permitted uses of “greenspace” land that is located in county conservation subdivisions and sets design standards for the same. Among other things, it allows for community gardens and certain agricultural activities as permitted uses of such land.

Sparta, N.C., Code § 92.24(A)(1) (Current through December 6, 2016.)

Generally declares weeds or other vegetation having an overall height of more than 18 inches to be a public nuisance, but exempts (among other things) income-producing or farm-related products; and growing and producing vegetable plants (including in community gardens).

Spartanburg, S.C., Ordinance No. 2020-6.26 §§ 1-3 (June 26, 2020)

This ordinance requires all individuals entering grocery stores or pharmacies to wear a face covering. It also requires these same stores to post signage regarding the face covering requirement (§ 1) and to compel their employees to wear face coverings…

Spokane Valley, Wash., Minutes Spokane Valley Council Regular Meeting, Motion 2b(1), (Aug. 11, 2020)

By motion the CIty Council approved an agreement with a local organization to administer the City’s “CARES Act CRF Funding Program for food security” in the amount of $236,640 to purchase and distribute food supplies for those directly impacted by…

Springfield, Mass., Code, ch. 154 (current through Feb. 6, 2017)

This law establishes regulations for community gardens for all zones. Topics addressed include: water quality, traffic and parking, visual impacts, orders, chemicals, equipment, structures, insurance, sales, safety, etc. Of note is the preamble language of the ordinance which sets forth…

Springfield, Missouri, Order of the Greene County Commission Exh. A. § 2(A)(3) (May 7, 2020)

Section 2 of this stay-at-home order defines “essential businesses” that are allowed to continue operations to include, e.g., agricultural and food cultivation, including farming, livestock, and fishing, and farmers’ markets and produce stands by drive-thru or carry out service only.

St. Joseph County, Ind., Code §§ 117.10 (D), (E) (current through Sept. 12, 2017)

Incorporates state law protections from liability for donors of food. Encourages food donation when the food is still safe to eat but warns that sometimes food can go bad.

St. Louis County, Mo., Dep’t of Public Health 2019 Novel Coronavirus (“COVID-19”) Stay at Home Order § III(F) (Mar. 23, 2020)

This stay-at-home order generally provides that persons may be outside their residence only to engage in “Essential Activities” (§ IV (A)(1)), including providing an essential business (§III(E)(8)), such as food cultivation (including farming, livestock, and fishing) (§ III(F)(5)); farm stands,…

St. Louis County, Mo., Dep’t of Public Health 2019 Novel Coronavirus (“COVID-19”) Stay at Home Order §§ III, IV (Mar. 23, 2020)

This stay-at-home order specifically allows school and other entities that ordinarily provide food services to students and members of the community to continue to provide food services as long as it is on a pick up and take away basis…

St. Louis, Mo., Stay Home – Essential Activities Only Order Health Commissioner’s Order No. 5 § II(f) (March 23, 2020)

Section 2 of this stay-at-home order provides an exemption for food cultivation, including farming, livestock, and fishing.

St. Paul, Minn., Code §§ 11.01 to 11.20 (current through Oct. 27, 2017)

These provisions establish a “City Market” and set forth standards for the same. Among them are the requirement that market use by vendors shall be provided “on terms of equality and without discrimination.”

St. Petersburg, Fla., Land Development Code § 16.50.085 (current through Nov. 6, 2017)

This law allows community gardens in the City’s “Community Residential Home, One to Six Residents” district and provides regulations for the same. Among other things, it allows selling produce under certain conditions and includes regulations to minimize potential adverse environmental…

Stamford, Conn., Code § 132-24.1 (current through Oct. 4, 2017)

This law prohibits food establishments from storing, distributing, holding for service, or serving foods containing artificial trans fat or using them in preparation of any menu item or food served, except food that is being served directly to patrons in…

Stockton, Cal., Ord. No. 2016-06-07-1502 (2016) (codified at Stockton, Cal. Code § 5.70 (Oct. 2017)

States that default beverages for children’s meals in restaurants must be either water with no added sweeteners of any kind or milk (or a non-dairy alternative)

Stuart, Florida, Land Development Code § 2.06.08 (current through Jan. 9, 2017)

Provides supplemental use standards for urban agriculture, meaning community gardens and urban farms. Requires an environmental assessment for soil contaminants, addresses permitted structures for urban farms (which include greenhouses, hoophouses, cold frames, and similar structures; sheds, farm stands, etc.); and…

Suffolk County, N.Y., Code, ch. 36, art. II

This law sets healthy food standards for contracts for concession stands, cafeterias and vending machines on property owned by the County of Suffolk, except for restaurants at County golf courses where food and beverages are served by wait staff, the…

Tampa, Fl. Exec. Order 2020-12 (May 8, 2020)

This order adopts the City’s “Lift of Up Local Economic Retail Recovery Plan,” which includes temporary suspension of City Code and permit application and approval requirements for restaurants and retail business to expand operating space in e.g., private parking areas,…

Tarrant County, Tex., Executive Order of County Judge B. Glen Whitney, item 14(a), (b) (Mar. 27, 2020)

Item 14 bars persons from selling various goods and services, including, e.g., groceries; and restaurant, cafeteria, and boarding-house meals for more than the regular retail price the person charged for the goods on March 16, 2020, “except where an increased…

Tempe, Ariz., Code § 22-15 (current through Feb. 12, 2018)

This law protects women who are breastfeeding in public places, stating that they they are allowed to so in any public spaces that mother and child are otherwise allowed to be (and thus not subject to being charged with a…

Thomas County, Kan. Ordinance No. 2016-23 (2016)

This resolution requires all vending machines, coolers, and other beverage retail equipment on county property to meet nutritional guidelines.

Thousand Oaks, Cal., Exec. Order of the Director of Emergency Services No. 2020-01 (Mar. 19, 2020)

Item 2 of this order exempts trucks that deliver food from any and all city regulations that limit hours of delivery. Item 4 clarifies that this exemption shall remain in effect during the public health emergency period covered by the…

Thousand Oaks, Cal., Res. No. 2020-10, item 6 (Mar. 17, 2020)

Item 6 proclaims, orders, and resolves that the excessive price gouging and increase prohibitions of section 5-19.01 et seq. of the Thousand Oaks Municipal Code, are activated and shall be vigorously enforced. The activated provisions bar increased prices, sales of,…

Thurston County, Wash., Code Sections 22.37.10 through 22.37.40 (current through July 17, 2017)

Establishes design standards and permitted uses for urban agriculture for the city of Tumwater’s neighborhoods (including residential areas), including animal husbandry and beekeeping standards, and small commercial urban farms.

Thurston County, Wash., Code Sections 23.14.060 through 23.14.080 (current through July 17, 2017)

Establishes design standards and permitted uses for urban agriculture for the city of Olympia’s neighborhoods (including residential areas), including animal husbandry and beekeeping standards, and small commercial urban farms.

Timnath, Colo., Code §§ 4-3-20(e)(2)(v), (w) (current through May 12, 2017)

Exempts certain purchases of food made with federal nutrition program assistance benefits or funds, in specific circumstances, from general sales tax (which for food, is 2.25%).

Tioga County, N.Y., Proclamation of Local State of Emergency and Local Emergency Order (Mar. 14, 2020)

Item 5 of the order suspends the “standard notice and procurement” process for emergency contracts for food and other “essential resources” during the state of emergency period beginning March 14, 2020 described in this order “to protect life and property…

Tolleson, Ariz., Proclamation of the Mayor of the City of Tolleson Declaring a Local Emergency to Address Covid-19 § 4 (Mar. 17, 2020)

This section exempts food banks and food pantries from mandatory closures and operating restrictions imposed by the proclamation.

Town of Southampton, N.Y., Code 330-403, 410 (current through Oct. 24, 2017)

Permits “agricultural use” in 6 of 7 districts within the town’s “Riverside Overlay District.” These uses do not include animal husbandry. Additionally, greenhouses, urban agriculture structures, and solariums are permitted to extend 10 feet above the maximum building height limit.

Town of West Brandywine, Pa., Code § 200-98(E) (current through Dec. 19, 2017)

This provision regulates the keeping of chickens for non-commercial purposes in all districts, including allowing them to be kept in non-agricultural, residential areas on lots that are at least 20,000 square feet. It also permits the sale of surplus chicken…

Troy, N.Y., Code Chapter 83, Art. III (current through Dec. 12, 2016)

Provides for the establishment of a community land bank to allow for disposition of blighted or abandoned property in ways that will benefit and improve the community. Beneficial uses include: housing; economic development that creates jobs for community residents; community…

Tucson, Ariz., Unified Development Code § 11.4.22 (current through Apr. 23, 2019)

This law defines urban agriculture, which is a permitted use in numerous development zones, to include various activities, including “gleaning.”

Tulsa, Okla. Zoning Code §20.060 (current through Dec. 9, 2018)

This law establishes requirements for the City’s Healthy Neighborhoods Overlay District. The law requires, e.g., that small box discount stores within the district must be at least 5,280 feet away from each other, with exceptions for prescription pharmacies and businesses…

Ulster County, N.Y., Code 205-1 – 205-6 (current Mar. 22, 2017)

This act requires food service establishments that are part of chains of 15 or more locations to post calorie content information on menus, menu boards and food tags. Note: the federal menu labeling law passed in 2010 may impact this…

Ulster County, N.Y., Resolution 128-#0529 (May 17, 2011)

This resolution requires at least 50% of food and beverages sold in vending machines in County-leased or operated facilities to meet specified nutrition standards.

Union City, Ga., Ordinance No. 2020-07 § 2 (July 10, 2020)

This order requires all persons entering a commercial establishment to wear a mask or face covering. Section 2 specifically requires all grocery stores and pharmacies to compel their employees to wear a face covering while having face-to-face interaction with the…

Village of Hempstead, N.Y., Code §§ 139-207 (b)(4) and 139-210(G) (current through Oct. 3, 2017)

Agriculture uses are permitted in all zones, except that animal husbandry is not permitted in 2 zones, and requires a special permit in the other two downtown overlay zones. “Urban agriculture” includes growing of plants and crops, but not animal…

Virginia Beach, Va., Ordinance to Suspend Meals Tax. (Apr. 7, 2020)

This ordinance reduces the “meals tax rate” set forth in § 35-137 of the City Code from 5.5 percent to 0 percent for applicable transactions occurring in May 2020, June 2020 and July 2020. It also specifies offsets in Fiscal…

Waco, Tex., Code §§ 13-453 to 13-463 (current through Sept. 14, 2017)

This law regulates operation, permitting and fees for community gardens. Specific issues addressed include: noises and odors; and building, electrical, and other codes. Community gardens may only be operated by a nonprofit organization, church, neighborhood association, school district, or government…

Walworth County, Wisc., Code § 42-11 (current through Mar. 26, 2019)

This law generally requires that only native plants may be planted in county parks, but exempts a few types of areas where that requirement does not apply, including community gardens, demonstration plots and similar areas used to grow edible crops.

Warren, Mich., Code of Ordinances § 21-94 (current through July 25, 2019)

Exempts odors caused by food composting or food preparation or cooking from law prohibiting odors that cause nuisance to city residents.

Washington, D.C., Act 20-599. (Jan. 26, 2015)

This act encourages private land use for urban agriculture by allowing abatement of 90% the real property tax otherwise levied on private land used, leased, or allowed to be used for an agricultural use under certain conditions. It provides that…

Washington, D.C., Tit. 38, Ch. 8A (2010)

The law establishes a comprehensive approach to supporting a health and wellness in schools (including public, participating private, and charter schools, and the Summer Food Service Program) by establishing nutrition standards for school meals and Summer Food Service Program meals/snacks…

Watsonville, Cal., Zoning Code § 14-29 (current through Oct. 22, 2019)

The law requires new restaurants and encourages existing restaurants to participate in a Healthy Eating Options Program, which involves offering a minimum number of healthy eating menu options. Restaurants that choose to offer more healthy eating menu options than the…

Wauwatosa, Wis., Code of Ordinances § 11.40.340 (current through Jan. 31, 2022)

This section establishes conditions when a snowstorm emergency exists in the city, including when, by reason of a heavy snowstorm, snow falls during any period of twenty-four hours or less to a depth of three inches or more and thereby…

Wayne County, Mich., Code tit VII, ch. 162 (current throught Oct. 21, 2016)

Prohibits use of artificial trans-fat in foods served in jails, senior services, juvenile detention facilities.

Waynesville, N.C., Code § 7.2 (current through Jan 18, 2019)

This law sets requirements for land dedicated for required civic spaces. Among other things, it specifies that civic space must used as a community garden or one of four other enumerated categories (park/greenway, green, square, playground).

Weber County, Utah, Code §§ 108-21-1 to 108-21-7 (current through Sept. 19, 2018)

This chapter designates and sets certain standards for accessory “agri-tourism” activates and uses that are generally allowed on land used for a primary agricultural use such as a farm or market garden. The designated “agri-tourism” uses that are allowed vary…

West Frankfort, Ill., Code tit. 8, § 8.08.060 (current through Nov. 8, 2017)

This section generally declares “unmanaged vegetation” taller than 10 inches a nuisance subject to a penalty of a fine of three hundred dollars, but carves our some exceptions, including for “food plants grown in a tended and cultivated garden.”

Westchester County, N.Y., Local Emergency Order #1 of 2020 (Mar. 16, 2020)

Item 1 of the order exempts the performance of “administrative, instructional, professional and classified staff functions” from ordered public and private school closures during the emergency period beginning on March 16, 2020. “Such functions may include the provision of meals…

Westchester County, N.Y., Code §533.01 et seq. (current through Dec. 15, 2017)

Law requires chain food service establishments with 15 or more locations to post calorie count values for standard food items on menus and menu boards, consistent with federal law requirements. It creates a local enforcement process and outlines penalties.

Westminster, Colo., Ordinance 3889, § 4-2-6(A)(26), (27) (June 26, 2017)

This law amends the City’s tax administration provisions. Among other things, it exempts certain purchases of food purchased with federal food stamps or with funds provided by the special supplemental food program for women, infants and children (WIC), at food…

Whatcom County, Wash, Ordinance No. 2020-022 (May 5, 2020)

To ease the burden local restaurants are feeling due to the stay-at-home order, this ordinance extends permit expiration dates for local food establishments by six months, thereby also extending the deadline for permit fees for six months. Permit late fees…

Whitman County, Wash., Code § 8.05.090 (DD) (current through Oct. 6, 2017)

Exempts food donation facilities from the requirement of having a Food Establishment Permit (see sec. 8.05.090 DD(2)); exempts food donation facilities from several requirements under specified conditions, and expressly allows acceptance of game meat.

Wichita Falls, Tex., Code § 90-66 (current through October 19, 2017)

This law establishes an organics recycling program and allows participating residents to receive free compost. Food waste is among the items that may be recycled.

Wilmington, Del., Code of Ordinances § 5-2 (current through Apr. 11, 2019)

This law requires restaurants that sell children’s meals that include a beverages to make the default beverage offered with such meals either water with no added sweeteners, regular, low fat or fat-free milk (or non-dairy alternative), or 100% juice (or…

Windham, Conn., Code of Ordinances, Conn., § 6-77 (current through Nov. 4, 2014)

This law creates standards for communal kitchens and dining rooms. The requirements include adequate dining area, a kitchen sink with hot water, stove with at least two burners and an oven, a refrigerator with adequate storage, adequate food preparation area,…

Woodbury County, IA., Organics Conversion Policy Resolution (June 28, 2005)

County established a policy to provide an annual $50,000 real property tax rebate for farmers who convert from conventional farming methods using pesticides to organic farming methods for up to five years. Farmer must follow the USDA’s “National Organic Program”…

Woodinville, Wash., Res. No. 560 (Apr. 14, 2020)

This resolution creates a COVID-19 Emergency Food Security Grant Program with an initial funding of $100,000 for nonprofit and faith-based emergency food security providers. Recipients can be awarded up to $10,000 per week to cover the cost of providing fresh…

Wyandotte County – Unified Government, Kan., Code of Ordinances § 7-175 (a) (November 3, 2016)

This policy exempts keeping of ducks and female chickens from a law that prohibits the keeping of fowl in areas of the city not zoned as agricultural, if the owner obtains a permit.

Wyandotte County – Unified Government, Kan., Code of Ordinances §§ 27-617—27-621 (current through Sept. 23, 2021)

These sections, added in 2020, allow food trucks, farmer’s markets, and mobile markets to operate as accessory uses throughout all of the county’s zoning districts, provided they meet certain standards. Per language included in these sections, the sections must be…

York, S.C., Ordinance 20-628 §§ 1(5)(a), 2(1)-(2) (July 28, 2020)

This ordinance requires customers of retail establishments, including grocery stores and any other business that sells non-prepared food, to wear face coverings while inside the enclosed area of the establishment (§§ 1(5)(a), 2(1)). It also requires retail establishment employees to…

Yuba County, Cal., Code of Ordinances § 11.32.250(5) (current through Sept. 28, 2019)

This policy requires that cooking facilities be provided within single room occupancy units or through a community kitchen. Kitchens are required to have a sink, counter, microwave, and cook top.

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